Involuntary Movement Disorders Flashcards
What is involuntary movement defined as?
A movement that the person does not start or stop at the person’s own command or with an observer’s command
What are common forms of hypokinesia?
- Apraxia
- Rigidity
- Bradykinesia
What are common forms of hyperkinesia?
- Ataxia
- Athetosis
- Chorea
- Tremors
- dysmetria
- Dystopia
How does athetosis present?
Slow, twisting, and writhing movements that are LARGE amplitude
Where are athetoid movements primarily seen?
Face, tongue, trunk and extremities
When the movements are brief, the merge with __________ (choreathetosis), and when SUSTAINED, they merge with ________, and is typically associated with spasticity
Chorea; Dystonia
Athetosis is a common finding in what pathologies?
Several forms of CP secondary to basal ganglia pathology
How does chorea present?
Brief, Irregular contractions that are rapid, but not to the degree of myoclonic jerks.
What is chorea typically secondary to?
Damage of the CAUDATE nucleus
What is chorea often equated to?
“Fidgeting”
________ is a form of chorea that includes choreic jerks of large amplitude.
Ballism
What does Ballism produce?
Produces failing movements of the limbs
What is ballism typically secondary to?
Secondary To damage of the Subthalamic nucleus
What is an example of a disease that presents with chorea?
Huntington’s Disease
What is dystonia?
Syndrome of sustained muscle contraction that frequently cause twisting, abnormal postures, and repetitive movements
What are common diagnoses that may include dystonia?
PD, CP, and encephalitis
What are tics?
Sudden, brief, repetitive, coordinated movements that will usually occur at irregular intervals