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PHR 936 Neurology B1 > Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

The cerebral cortex is divided into four main lobes: the ______, ______, ______, and ______ lobes.

A

Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal

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2
Q

The main function of the ______ is motor control, balance, and coordination.

A

Cerebellum

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3
Q

The limbic system is primarily responsible for ______ and ______.

A

emotion, memory

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4
Q

The ______ is a structure that connects the two hemispheres of the brain and facilitates communication between them.

A

Corpus Callosum

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5
Q

The ______ system controls voluntary motor movements, procedural learning, and habit learning.

A

Basal Ganglia

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6
Q

The ______ is a part of the limbic system that plays a key role in emotional responses, particularly fear.

A

Amygdala

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7
Q

The primary motor cortex is located in the ______ gyrus, while the primary somatosensory cortex is located in the ______ gyrus.

A

precentral, postcentral

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8
Q

The ______ nucleus is responsible for regulating circadian rhythms.

A

Suprachiasmatic

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9
Q

______ is a major neurotransmitter system in the brain that is related to learning, reward, and addiction.

A

Dopaminergic system

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10
Q

The ______ relays sensory information from all receptors (except olfactory) to the brain for processing.

A

Thalamus

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11
Q

The ______ gland is responsible for secreting melatonin and regulating circadian rhythms.

A

Pineal

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12
Q

The ______ hypothalamus regulates hunger, thirst, and body temperature.

A

Hypothalamus

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13
Q

The ______ is a bundle of nerve fibers that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres.

A

Corpus Callosum

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14
Q

______ describes the brain’s ability to change and adapt as a result of experience.

A

Neuroplasticity

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15
Q

______ cortex is involved in planning complex cognitive behavior and decision-making.

A

Prefrontal

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16
Q

The ______ plays a crucial role in memory consolidation.

A

Hippocampus

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17
Q

The ______ area is involved in speech production.

A

Broca’s area

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18
Q

The ______ area is involved in language comprehension.

A

Wernicke’s area

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19
Q

The ______ system regulates fear, arousal, and emotional responses.

A

Limbic

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20
Q

The ______ is involved in procedural learning and motor coordination.

A

Cerebellum

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21
Q

______ is the brain’s largest white matter structure.

A

Corpus Callosum

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22
Q

The ______ regulates autonomic functions such as heart rate and blood pressure.

A

Medulla Oblongata

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23
Q

______ is a neurotransmitter involved in muscle control and memory.

A

Acetylcholine

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24
Q

The ______ is responsible for the ‘fight or flight’ response.

A

Sympathetic nervous system

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25
The ______ system is responsible for detecting touch, temperature, and pain.
Somatosensory
26
The ______ cortex is primarily responsible for visual processing.
Occipital
27
The ______ regulates emotions, particularly fear and aggression.
Amygdala
28
The ______ is involved in motor control and movement regulation.
Basal Ganglia
29
______ is a part of the brainstem that regulates sleep and arousal.
Pons
30
The ______ regulates the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland.
Hypothalamus
31
______ is a neurotransmitter associated with mood regulation and emotional stability.
Serotonin
32
The ______ regulates voluntary movements and fine motor control.
Cerebellum
33
The ______ cortex processes sensory information from the skin.
Somatosensory
34
The ______ system controls mood, memory, and behavior.
Limbic
35
The ______ is involved in eye movement and auditory reflexes.
Midbrain
36
The ______ lobe is involved in processing auditory information.
Temporal
37
The ______ is a large, C-shaped nerve fiber bundle in the brain.
Corpus Callosum
38
The ______ ventricle is located between the pons and the cerebellum.
Fourth
39
The ______ nucleus controls the release of hormones related to circadian rhythms.
Suprachiasmatic
40
The ______ is involved in processing emotions such as pleasure and reward.
Ventral Tegmental Area
41
The ______ system is responsible for transmitting pain signals from the body to the brain.
Nociceptive
42
The ______ is responsible for the consolidation of short-term memory into long-term memory.
Hippocampus
43
The ______ cortex is responsible for decision-making and higher cognitive functions.
Prefrontal
44
The ______ is a group of structures involved in movement control and reward processing.
Basal Ganglia
45
The ______ system processes information related to smell.
Olfactory
46
The ______ cortex is involved in visual recognition.
Visual
47
The ______ regulates sleep-wake cycles and circadian rhythms.
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
48
The ______ plays a key role in motor learning and coordination.
Cerebellum
49
The ______ is responsible for language comprehension.
Wernicke's Area
50
The ______ region is critical for controlling emotional responses, particularly fear.
Amygdala
51
The ______ system is responsible for processing emotions and memory.
Limbic
52
The ______ is part of the brainstem that helps regulate autonomic functions.
Medulla Oblongata
53
The ______ is involved in the regulation of sleep and consciousness.
Pons
54
The ______ controls balance, coordination, and voluntary movement.
Cerebellum
55
The ______ region of the brainstem controls reflexive actions such as breathing and heartbeat.
Medulla
56
The ______ is responsible for arousal, attention, and the sleep-wake cycle.
Reticular Activating System
57
The ______ transmits motor and sensory information between the brain and the body.
Spinal Cord
58
The ______ is involved in the processing of sensory information related to touch.
Somatosensory Cortex
59
The ______ controls hormone secretion from the pituitary gland.
Hypothalamus
60
The ______ region of the brain processes visual information.
Occipital Lobe
61
The ______ cortex is involved in planning and executing movements.
Motor Cortex
62
The ______ connects the two hemispheres of the brain, facilitating communication.
Corpus Callosum
63
The ______ lobe is involved in processing visual information.
Occipital Lobe
64
The ______ is critical for maintaining posture and balance.
Cerebellum
65
The ______ regulates temperature, thirst, hunger, and circadian rhythms.
Hypothalamus
66
The ______ plays a role in the control of voluntary motor movements.
Basal Ganglia
67
The ______ is responsible for regulating autonomic functions such as heart rate and breathing.
Medulla Oblongata
68
The ______ system is involved in learning and memory.
Limbic System
69
The ______ nucleus is involved in regulating circadian rhythms.
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
70
The ______ system includes the amygdala and hippocampus and is involved in emotion and memory.
Limbic System
71
The ______ lobe of the brain is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as reasoning and problem-solving.
Frontal Lobe
72
The ______ gyrus is responsible for primary motor functions.
Precentral Gyrus
73
The ______ gyrus is responsible for processing somatosensory information.
Postcentral Gyrus
74
The ______ system is responsible for emotion and memory.
Limbic System
75
The ______ is responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid.
Choroid Plexus
76
The ______ system includes structures such as the thalamus and hypothalamus.
Diencephalon
77
The ______ gland is responsible for the secretion of melatonin.
Pineal Gland
78
The ______ is a structure involved in regulating motor functions and learning.
Basal Ganglia
79
The ______ is the main area responsible for processing visual information.
Occipital Lobe
80
The ______ connects the brain to the spinal cord and is involved in autonomic functions.
Brainstem
81
The ______ system includes structures that are essential for emotional regulation and memory formation.
Limbic System
82
The ______ is involved in processing sensory information from the face and mouth.
Trigeminal Nerve
83
The ______ system consists of structures like the hippocampus and amygdala.
Limbic
84
The ______ plays a key role in regulating body temperature, hunger, and thirst.
Hypothalamus
85
The ______ lobes are responsible for processing auditory information and memory.
Temporal
86
The ______ artery supplies blood to the majority of the cerebral cortex.
Middle Cerebral Artery
87
The ______ is the outermost layer of the meninges, protecting the brain and spinal cord.
Dura Mater
88
The ______ are grooves found on the surface of the brain, increasing its surface area.
Sulci
89
The ______ is the bundle of nerves that controls voluntary muscle movements.
Corticospinal Tract
90
The ______ lobes are involved in planning, decision making, and personality expression.
Frontal
91
The ______ gyrus is involved in the processing of visual information.
Calcarine Gyrus
92
The ______ is the primary relay station for sensory signals except for olfaction.
Thalamus
93
The ______ system is primarily involved in processing olfactory (smell) information.
Olfactory
94
The ______ lobe is primarily responsible for processing spatial and navigational information.
Parietal
95
The ______ controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles.
Primary Motor Cortex
96
The ______ is the structure that plays a role in fear, pleasure, and aggression.
Amygdala
97
The ______ gyrus is responsible for processing primary sensory information.
Postcentral Gyrus
98
The ______ are the protective coverings surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
Meninges
99
The ______ is a fluid-filled cavity in the brain that helps cushion the brain.
Ventricle
100
The ______ is a structure in the brain involved in sleep-wake cycles and consciousness.
Reticular Formation
101
The ______ is involved in the control of breathing and other vital functions.
Medulla Oblongata
102
The ______ is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements and balance.
Cerebellum
103
The ______ cortex is involved in processing pain and touch sensations.
Somatosensory Cortex
104
The ______ system processes emotional reactions and memory.
Limbic
105
The ______ controls the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary gland.
Hypothalamus
106
The ______ is the brain structure involved in forming new memories.
Hippocampus
107
The ______ is responsible for the regulation of circadian rhythms.
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
108
The ______ artery supplies blood to the occipital lobe.
Posterior Cerebral Artery
109
The ______ forms the protective barrier between the blood and brain.
Blood-Brain Barrier
110
The ______ system is involved in detecting changes in the body's internal and external environment.
Sensory
111
The ______ cortex is the main region for processing auditory information.
Auditory Cortex
112
The ______ region of the brainstem is responsible for regulating consciousness.
Reticular Formation
113
The ______ plays a role in voluntary movement coordination.
Basal Ganglia
114
The ______ is a large, C-shaped nerve fiber bundle in the brain.
Corpus Callosum
115
The ______ regulates hormone secretion from the posterior pituitary.
Hypothalamus

PHR 936 Neurology B1 (6 decks)

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