Neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

The blood brain barrier is located between which two meningeal layers?

A

arachnoid and pia

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2
Q

Turning your eye laterally via the lateral rectus muscle requires innervation from which cranial nerve?

A

CN VI (aka abducens)

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3
Q

Which cranial nerves emerge from the pons/medulla junction? (3)

A

CN VI, CN VII, CN VIII

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4
Q

Which horn contains visceral cell bodies?

A

lateral (intermediate) horn

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5
Q

The cerebral peduncles are also known as the ____.

A

crus cerebri

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6
Q

What part of the brain releases dopamine?

A

substantia nigra in the mesencephalon

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7
Q

Name the cavity of the midbrain that joins the third and fourth ventricles.

A

cerebral aqueduct

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8
Q

The parietal lobe extends to the paretio-occipital sulcus and is divided by two sulci. Name the two sulci.

A

postcentral and intraparietal suki

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9
Q

Secreto-motor parasympathetic innervation of the submandibular, sublingual and lacrimal gland are from which cranial nerve?

A

CN VII (aka facial nerve)

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10
Q

Where is the primary visual cortex (VI) located?

A

most posterior aspect of occipital lobe

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11
Q

Which cranial nerves pass through the jugular foramen?

A

CN IX, CN X, CN XI

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12
Q

Trace eight steps in the flow of CSF, from the choroid plexus to the dural venous sinuses.

A

choroid plexus, lateral ventricle, third ventricle, cerebral aqueduct, fourth ventricle, subarachnoid space, arachnoid villi (site for resorption), dural venou sinuses

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13
Q

Where in the brain is fear conditioned?

A

amygdala

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14
Q

White matter in the spinal cord are divided into which three funiculi (columns)?

A

anterior, lateral and posterior funiculi

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15
Q

Which cranial nerves exit the brainstem caudal to the pons? (7)

A

CN VI-CN XII

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16
Q

Name the space that separates the arachnoid mater from the dura mater.

A

subdural space

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17
Q

CN XII exits from which location in the skull?

A

hypoglossal canal

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18
Q

Where in the spinal column are the two spinothalamic tracts located? Where do these tracts decussate?

A

both the anterior and lateral spinothalamic tracts decussate at the level of the spinal cord.

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19
Q

Which cortex is found within the frontal lobe and is involved in planning complex cognitive behaviors?

A

prefrontal cortex

20
Q

Name the three receptors in the anteriolateral system.

A

CN V-CN VIII

21
Q

At what level does the adult spinal chord end?

A

L2

22
Q

Where is the calcarine sulcus located and which other sulcus joins the calcarine sulcus at n acute angle?

A

located on the medial surface and is joined by the parieto-occipital sulcus

23
Q

What is the main function of the reticulospinal tract?

A

simulation of midline and proximal extensor muscles

24
Q

Name the chief function of the occipital lobe

A

vision

25
Q

Which cranial nerves exit the brain stem rostral to the pons?

A

CN I- CN V

26
Q

Name the structure that is located caudally on the brain stem and is within the myelencephalon.

A

medulla oblongata

27
Q

What is a consequence of a lesion in the cerebellar hemisphere?

A

limb ataxia and intention tremor

28
Q

Where is the central sulcus located?

A

between the precentral and postcentral gyri

29
Q

What is a consequence of a lesion in Wernicke’s area?

A

sensory, (fluent, receptive) aphasia

30
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

A

31

31
Q

The third branch of CN V exits from which location of the skull?

A

foramen ovale

32
Q

The hypothalamus contains afferent fibers that connect with which major structures? (3)

A

mesencephalon, limbic system and cerebellum

33
Q

Which cranial nerves emerge from the pons?

A

CN V

34
Q

Name the space that the spinal cord is located within.

A

subarachnoid space

35
Q

Name the cranial nerves that innervate the facial muscles (extraocular muscles excluded)

A

trigeminal (CN V): mastication; facial (CN VII): facial movement

36
Q

What is found in the subarachnoid space?

A

CSF

37
Q

Where are the inferior cerebral preduncles located and what structures do they connect?

A

located posterior to the olives and connect the medulla to the cerebellum.

38
Q

The brain stem is composed of which three structures?

A

midbrain, pons and medulla

39
Q

‘Mi mi mi’ tests which CN?

A

CN VII - facial (innervation of lips)

40
Q

What is the function of Broadman’s area 4 and where is it located?

A

execution of isolated movements on the contralateral side of the body. Primary motor area.

41
Q

Which portion of the reticulospinal tract has a small crossed component.?

A

medullary

42
Q

What passes through the jugular foramen

A

The glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory cranial nerves

43
Q

The foramen rotundum admits the

A

maxillary branch of CN V

44
Q

The superior orbital fissure admits

A

oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, and branches of the ophthalmic nerves

45
Q

what passes through the foramen ovale

A

mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve

46
Q
A