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NPLEX - Anatomy > Arthrology > Flashcards

Arthrology Flashcards

1
Q

Name the only meniscus-ligamentous attachment.

A

medial meniscus to MCL of knee

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2
Q

Which rib articulates with the fourth sternal segment and the xiphoid process?

A

rib 7

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3
Q

Name the ligament that prevents anterior displacement of the tibia relative to the femur.

A

ACL

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4
Q

What type of joint is the knee joint?

A

synovial - pivot-hinge

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5
Q

What movements do the midcarpal joints make possible?

A

flexion, abduction of hand

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6
Q

Name the bursa of the knee that permits full flexion and extension.

A

suprapatellar bursa

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7
Q

Name the joint type that usually has an articular capsule and permits at least one axis of free motion.

A

synovial (or diarthroidal) joint

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8
Q

Name the ligament that attaches the head of a rib with a vertebral body.

A

radiate ligament

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9
Q

Which joint is most responsible for head flexion?

A

atlantooccipital

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10
Q

Where does the anterior tibiofibular ligament attach?

A

anterior head of the fibula and the anterolateral aspect of the condyle of the tibia

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11
Q

Which articular surfaces make up the humeroulnar joint?

A

trochlea of the humerus with trochlear notch of the ulna

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12
Q

Which intra-articular ligament of the knee prevents posterior displacement of the femur relative to the tibia?

A

ACL

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13
Q

What name is given to the outer portion of an intervertebral disc?

A

annulus fibrosus

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14
Q

What type of joint is the talocacaneonavicular joint?

A

synovial: ball and socket

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15
Q

Name the ligament that prevents the humerus from being displaced upwards.

A

coracoacromial ligament

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16
Q

Which structures limit movement of the sacroiliac joint?

A

sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments

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17
Q

which articular surfaces make up the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

proximal head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulna

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18
Q

What kind of joint is the wrist (radiocarpal) joint?

A

synovial: condyloid (aka ellipsoidal)

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19
Q

What type of joint is the distal radioulnar joint?

A

synovial: pivot (aka trochoid)

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20
Q

What type of joint are the intermetacarpal joints?

A

synovial: plane (aka arthroidal, gliding)

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21
Q

What type of joint is the tarsometatarsal joint?

A

synovial: plane

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22
Q

What kind of joint is fibrous and immovable (or only slightly movable)?

A

synarthrosis

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23
Q

What kind of joint is the costovertebral joint?

A

synovial: plane

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24
Q

Which ligament supports the head of the talus?

A

spring ligament (aka plantar calcaneonavicular ligament)

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25
Q

Name the ligament that limits hyperextension of the knee.

A

ACL

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26
Q

What kind of fibrous joint has a peg-like process that fits into a hole?

A

gomphosis

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27
Q

What type of joint is the humeroulnar joint?

A

synovial: hinge

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28
Q

What kind of joint is the talocrural joint?

A

synovial: hinge

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29
Q

Name the joints where inversion and eversion of the foot occurs.

A

talocalcaneonavicular joint and talocalcaneal joint

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30
Q

What type of joint are the proximal and distal radioulnar joints?

A

synovial: pivot (aka trochoid)

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31
Q

What kind of joint is the superior tibiofibular joint? The inferior tibiofibular joint?

A

synovial: plane (aka arthroidal, gliding)
amphiarthrosis: syndesmosis

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32
Q

Name the ligaments that limit side to side motion of the knee.

A

collateral ligaments

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33
Q

Name two ligaments that stabilize the hip joint anteriorly.

A

iliofemoral and pubofemoral ligaments

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34
Q

What ligament limits posterior movement of the TMJ?

A

lateral temperomandibular ligament

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35
Q

List three ligaments that stabilize the metacarpal joints.

A

palmar, collateral, and deep transverse metacarpal ligaments

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36
Q

What kind of joint is the hip?

A

synovial: spheroidal (aka ball and socket)

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37
Q

Which band of the ulnar collateral ligament is strongest: anterior, posterior, or oblique? Which is weakest?

A

anterior band

posterior band

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38
Q

Which ligament of the knee is the continuation of the quadriceps tendon?

A

patellar ligament

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39
Q

List five extracapsular ligaments that stabilize the knee joint.

A

patellar ligament, tibial (or medial) collateral ligament, fibular collateral ligament, oblique popliteal ligament, arcuate popliteal ligament

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40
Q

What kind of fibrous joint is found between the radius and the ulna?

A

synarthrosis: syndesmosis

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41
Q

Name the two ligaments that form the capsular ligament of the shoulder.

A

coracohumeral and glenohumeral ligaments

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42
Q

What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint?

A

synovial: bicondylar

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43
Q

Name the ligament that keeps the weight of the talus from shearing dependent bones apart.

A

spring ligament

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44
Q

What type of joint is the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb?

A

synovial: saddle (aka sellar)

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45
Q

What type of motion is possible at the tarsometatarsal joints?

A

gliding and rotation

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46
Q

Name the bone in the forearm that bears the most weight from the wrist.

A

radius

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47
Q

At what level is the 1st intervertebral disc found?

A

C2-C3

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48
Q

Which ribs articulate with the manubrium?

A

ribs 1, 2

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49
Q

Which joint is most responsible for head rotation?

A

atlantoaxial

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50
Q

What type of joint are the metacarpophalangeal joints?

A

synovial: condyloid (aka ellipsoidal)

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51
Q

Which ligament of the knee extends from the head of the fibula to the back of the knee?

A

arcuate popliteal ligament

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52
Q

Which intra-articular ligament of the knee is loose when the knee is extended and tight when the knee is flexed?

A

PCL

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53
Q

Name four muscles that hold the head of the humerus in place in the glenoid fossa.

A

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

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54
Q

Name the ligaments most likely to be involved in a forced inversion injury of the foot.

A

anterior and posterior talofibular ligaments and the calcaneofibular ligament

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55
Q

Which rib articulates with the manubrium and the first sternal segment?

A

rib 2

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56
Q

What movement does the coracoclavicular ligament restrict?

A

superior displacement of the head of the humerus

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57
Q

What limits the amount of movement at a zygapophyseal joint?

A

shape of the articular surfaces and size of adjacent vertebral discs

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58
Q

Do intermetacarpal joints have fibrous capsules?

A

only the medial three have fibrous capsules

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59
Q

What suture separates the frontal bone from the parietal bone?

A

coronal suture

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60
Q

What type of joint motion occurs at proximal radioulnar joint?

A

rotation of the radius

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61
Q

What type of motion is possible at the pubic symphysis joint?

A

small amount of compression/separation and superior inferior glide

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62
Q

What type of motion is possible at the zygapophyseal joints?

A

gliding motion

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63
Q

Where does the glenohumeral ligament attach? What portion of the glenohumeral joint does it strengthen?

A

runs from the glenoid labrum to the neck of the humerus

strengthens the anterior articular capsule

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64
Q

What kind of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?

A

synovial: plane

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65
Q

Name the main stabilizing ligament of the acromial head of the clavicle.

A

coracoclavicular ligament

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66
Q

Name the structures that provide the most stability to the glenohumeral joint.

A

rotator cuff tendons

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67
Q

What type of motion is possible at the sacroiliac joint?

A

small amounts of gliding and rotation

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68
Q

Where does the inferior transverse (aka tibiofibular) ligament attach?

A

medial malleolus of the tibia and lateral malleolus of the fibula

runs posterior to the joint

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69
Q

Name the ligament that stabilizes the medial side of the ankle joint.

A

deltoid ligament

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70
Q

Name the ligament that prevents the ulna from touching the wrist joint.

A

articular disc

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71
Q

Where does the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist attach?

A

triquetrum and styloid process of the ulna

72
Q

Where does the palmar radiocarpal ligament of the wrist insert?

A

scaphoid, lunate, and triangular bones (and sometimes capitate)

73
Q

Do metacarpophalangeal joints have fibrous capsules?

A

yes

74
Q

Name the talofibular ligament least likely to tear.

A

posterior talofibular ligament

75
Q

Name the ligaments that stabilize the lateral side of the talocrural joint.

A

anterior and posterior talofibular ligaments and the calcaneofibular ligament

76
Q

What type of joint are the carpometacarpal joints?

A

synovial: plane (aka arthroidal, gliding)

77
Q

List the four bones that articulate in the hip joint.

A

head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum (ilium, ischium, and pubis)

78
Q

Which ligament of the knee runs from the medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial condyle and superior tibia?

A

tibial collateral ligament

79
Q

Where do the radial collateral ligaments attach?

A

lateral epicondyle of the humerus to the annular ligament of the radius

80
Q

Which two ligaments make up the coracoclavicular ligament?

A

trapezoid (horizontal) ligament and conoid (vertical) ligament

81
Q

What type of joint motion is possible at the distal radioulnar joint?

A

radius may move anterior-posterior and medial-lateral

82
Q

What is the function of the coracoclavicular ligament?

A

attaches coracoid process to the clavicle

holds scapula in place

83
Q

Name the structure associated with clergymans knee.

A

subQ infrapatellar bursa

84
Q

Name the articular surfaces of the atlantooccipital joint.

A

inferior facets of the lateral masses of C1 and superior facets of C2

also between dens of C2 and anterior arch of atlas

85
Q

Name the structure associated with housemaid’s knee.

A

subQ prepatellar bursa

86
Q

Where is the popliteus bursa located?

A

in the synovial membrane between the popliteal tendon and the lateral condyle of the tibia

87
Q

Which articular surfaces make up the humeroradial joint?

A

capitulum of the humerus with the head of the radius

88
Q

Name the ligament that prevents full rotation of the head.

A

alar ligament

89
Q

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

A

synovial: ball and socket (aka spheroidal)

90
Q

Which muscles stabilize the knee?

A

quadriceps femoris (vastus lateralis and vastus medialis are particularly important)

91
Q

What type of joint is the zygapophyseal joint?

A

synovial: plane

92
Q

List the articulations between a vertebra and a typical rib.

A

head of the rib with superior vertebrae

head of the rib with inferior vertebrae

tubercle of the neck of the rib with transverse process of vertebrae

93
Q

Name the ligament of the elbow that the ulnar nerve passes through.

A

ulnar collateral ligament

94
Q

What movements of the foot are supported by the talocalcaneal (aka subtalar) joint?

A

dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, rotation, inversion, and eversion

95
Q

Where does the ACL run?

A

from the anterior intercondylar region of the tibia to the lateral condyle of the femur inside the knee capsule (but outside the synovial cavity)

96
Q

What name is given to the central portion of an intervertebral disc?

A

nucleus pulposus

97
Q

Which intra-articular ligament of the knee is loose when the knee is flexed and tight when the knee is extended?

A

ACL

98
Q

Which ligament of the knee runs from the lateral epicondyle of the femur to the head of the fibula?

A

fibular collateral ligament

99
Q

Which ligament of the knee is the continuation of the semimembranous tendon?

A

oblique popliteal ligament

100
Q

What kind of joint is a costosternal joint?

A

synovial: plane

101
Q

Name the ligament that prevents posterior displacement of the tibia relative to the femur.

A

PCL

102
Q

Which portion of the TMJ allows for depression and elevation (opening and closing)?

A

inferior compartment

103
Q

Does the zygapophyseal joint have a joint capsule?

A

yes, loose articular capsule

104
Q

List six kinds of synovial joints (aka diarthroses).

A

planar (gliding), hinge, condylar (ellipsoidal), spheroidal (ball and socket), trochoid (pivot), sellar (saddle)

105
Q

Which ligaments provide support to the interphalangeal joints?

A

each joint has a volar ligament and two collateral ligaments

106
Q

What type of joint is the metatarsophalangeal joint?

A

synovial: condyloid (ellipsoidal)

107
Q

What type of joint are the interphalangeal joints?

A

synovial: hinge

108
Q

Name the ligaments that join the tips of the vertebral spines.

A

supraspinous ligaments

109
Q

What type of joint is the sternocostal joint of rib 1?

A

synarthrosis: synchondrosis

110
Q

Which articulations are present in the wrist (radiocarpal) joint?

A

distal radius and the articular disc of the distal radioulnar joint articulates with the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetral bones

111
Q

What motion does the atlantooccipital joint provide?

A

flexion and extension of the head

112
Q

What type of joint is a cranial suture?

A

synarthrosis

113
Q

Do the sternocostal joints have articular capsules?

A

yes

114
Q

What kind of joint is the metacarpophalangeal joint?

A

synovial: condylar (ellipsoidal)

115
Q

What kind of joint is the atlantoaxial joint?

A

synovial: trochoid (pivot)

116
Q

What kind of synarthosis joint has opposing surfaces that are relatively far apart and are united by a ligament?

A

syndesmosis

117
Q

Which ribs articulate with the sternum?

A

ribs 1-7

118
Q

In what position is the ankle joint least stable (and most susceptible to injury)?

A

plantar flexion

119
Q

Name the ligaments that span between vertebral spines.

A

interspinous ligaments

120
Q

List the seven ligaments of the ankle (talocrural) joint.

A

lateral: anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular, calcaneofibular
medial: tibionavicular, anterior tibiotalar, posterior tibiotalar, tibiocalcaneal

121
Q

What kind of joint is found between the 1st rib and the sternum?

A

synarthosis: synchondrosis

122
Q

What penetrates the atlantooccipital membrane?

A

veterbral artery and 1st cervical nerve

123
Q

Name the ligament that holds the head of the radius in position in the proximal radioulnar joint.

A

annular ligament

124
Q

What is the action permitted by the acromioclavicular joint?

A

abduction of the humerus

125
Q

Where do the ulnar collateral ligaments attach?

A

medial epicondyle of the humerus to the coronoid process and the olecranon of the ulna

126
Q

What type of joint is the sternocostal joint for ribs 2-7?

A

synovial: plane (gliding)

127
Q

Where does the PCL run?

A

From the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the medial condyle of the femur inside the knee capsule (but outside the synovial cavity)

128
Q

Name two ligaments that stabilize the hip joint posteriorly.

A

iliofemoral and ischiofemoral ligametns

129
Q

What is another name for the ligament of the head of the femur?

A

ligamentum teres

130
Q

What kind of motion is permitted at the AC joint?

A

gliding

131
Q

List three types of fibrous joints (aka synarthroses).

A

suture, syndesmosis, and gomphosis

132
Q

What type of joints are found between auditory ossicles?

A

synovial

133
Q

Name the ligament that creates and maintains the longitudinal arch of the foot.

A

spring ligament

134
Q

What kind of joint is the AC joint?

A

synovial: plane (gliding)

135
Q

What type of joint is the TMJ?

A

synovial: hinge (modified)

136
Q

Which portion of the TMJ allows for protrusion and retrusion (or translation)?

A

superior compartment

137
Q

What articulations make up the proximal (aka superior) tibiofibular joint?

A

head of the fibula articulates with the lateral condyle of the tibia

138
Q

Identify the two components of the TMJ.

A

the lower joint compartment is formed by the mandible and the articular disc

the upper joint compartment is formed by the articular disk and the temporal bone

139
Q

What articulation makes up the distal (inferior) tibiofibular joint?

A

medial surface of the fibula articulates with the inferior end of the tibia

140
Q

What prevents excessive rotation of the atlantooccipital joint and also the amount of side flexion of the head when it is rotated?

A

alar ligaments

141
Q

Which ribs articulate with the second and third sternal segments?

A

ribs 3, 4, 5

142
Q

Name the articular surfaces of the zygapophyseal joint.

A

superior and inferior articular processes of adjacent vertebrae

143
Q

What kind of joint is the elbow?

A

synovial: hinge

144
Q

What joint is the only joint between the upper limb and the axial skeleton?

A

sternoclavicular joint

145
Q

Where does the dorsal radiocarpal ligament insert?

A

scaphoid, lunate, triangular bones

146
Q

List three kinds of cartilagenous joints (aka amphiarthroses).

A

synchondrosis (aka primary cartilagenous joint), symphysis and intervertebral disc

147
Q

What kind of joint is the shoulder?

A

synovial: ball and socket (spheroidal)

148
Q

What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?

A

synovial: sellar (saddle)

149
Q

What type of joint is the talocalcaneal (subtalar) joint?

A

synovial: plane (gliding)

150
Q

Do costovertebral joints have articular capsules?

A

yes

151
Q

What is the name of the fibrocartilagenous extension that surrounds (and deepens) the glenoid fossa?

A

glenoid labrum

152
Q

Name the ligament that covers the dorsal surface of the inside of the vertebral foramen.

A

ligamentum flavum

153
Q

What ligament is likely damaged by a superior displacement of the humerus?

A

acromioclavicular ligament

154
Q

What kind of movement is possible at a costovertebral joint?

A

slight amount of gliding

155
Q

Which ligament holds the heads of metacarpals 2, 3, 4, and 5 together?

A

deep transverse metacarpal ligament

156
Q

Where does the radial collateral ligament of the wrist attach?

A

scaphoid bone and styloid process of the radius

157
Q

What type of motion is possible at the talocalcaneonavicular joint?

A

gliding and rotation

158
Q

Name the ligament that attaches to the tibial tuberosity.

A

patellar ligament

159
Q

List three ligaments that support the tarsometatarsal joints.

A

plantar, dorsal, and interosseous

160
Q

Which intra-articular ligament of the knee prevents anterior displacement of the femur relative to the tibia?

A

PCL

161
Q

What limb movement is made possible at the distal radioulnar joint?

A

pronation and supination

162
Q

What type of joint are the intercarpal joints?

A

synovial: plane (gliding)

163
Q

Name the three carpal bones that articulate with the radius to form the radiocarpal joint.

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetral

164
Q

What kind of joint is the pubic symphysis joint?

A

amphiarthrosis: symphysis

165
Q

What articulations are present in the knee joint?

A

lateral and medial tibial condyles of the femur articulate with the tibia

166
Q

What type of joint is the humeroradial joint?

A

synovial: plane (gliding)

167
Q

What limb movements are made possible by the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

pronation and supination

168
Q

Name the ligament that stabilizes the dens in a ventral position.

A

cruciform ligament

169
Q

Where does the posterior tibiofibular ligament attach?

A

posterior head of the fibula and the posterolateral condyle of the tibia

170
Q

What kind of joint is the metacarpal joint?

A

synovial: plane (gliding)

171
Q

Identify the bones joined by the spring ligament.

A

calcaneus and navicular (medial side of the foot)

172
Q

What type of joint is the atlantooccipital joint?

A

synovial: condyloid

173
Q

List three bursa that protect the knee joint.

A

suprapatellar bursa, prepatellar bursa, infrapatellar bursa

174
Q

List five bursa of the elbow joint.

A

intratendinous, subtendinous, subQ olecranon bursae, radioulnar bursa, and bicipitoradial bursa

175
Q

Does the atlantooccipital joint have a joint capsule?

A

no

NPLEX - Anatomy (10 decks)

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