Neuro - uworld Flashcards
1
Q
Which nerve is involved in ocular sensation?
A
Trigeminal
2
Q
Pt felt warm and nauseous prior to a syncopal episode
A
Neurocardiogenic (or vasovagal) syncope
Occurs due to excessive vagal tone
Preceded by n/v, bradycardia, or pallor
Precipitated by pain or stress
3
Q
How do you correct over coagulation in a warfarin pt
A
Vit K and prothrombin complex concentrate (has Vit K dependent clotting factors)
4
Q
Initial Tx of Guillain-Barre?
A
IVIG or plasmaphoresis
5
Q
Wacky, wobly, wet
A
normal pressure hydrocephaly
Enlarged ventricles on MRI but normal opening pressure on LP
6
Q
Dystonia of the SCM
A
Torticollis
7
Q
Pt develops decreased hearing acuity and vestibular syx weeks after starting abx
A
Aminoglycoside (gentamicin) toxicity - hearing loss and vestibular syx
oscillopsia - sensation of objects moving in the visual field
8
Q
Pt has consistent dull HA, decreased libido, and hemianopsia
A
Craniopharyngioma
Benign suprasellar tumor with visual defect, HA, and syx of pituitary changes
Arise from the remnant of Rathke’s pouch
9
Q
Bitemporal heminopsia
A
Optic chiasm
10
Q
Young obese female with constant dull HA and papilledema
A
Pseudotumor cerebri
Brain tumor w/ NL imaging and elevated CSF pressure
Tx - weight reduction and acetazolamide
If untreated - blindness
11
Q
Causes of chemo induced peripheral neuropathy
A
Vincristine (Vinca alkaloid)
Cisplatin (platinum)
Paclitaxel (taxanes)
symmetrical parathesia in stocking and glove pattern
12
Q
Pronator drift tests?
A
UMN or Pyramidal tract dz dz of the UE
13
Q
Affected eye is unable to adduct and the contralateral eye abducts w/ nystagmus
A
Internuclear ophtalmoplegia
Convergence is preserved
Damage in the MLF
14
Q
Worsening frontal HA’s, blurred vision when leading forward
A
Intracranial HTN (ICH Can have HA, n/v/ AMS,
15
Q
ALS involves damage to?
A
the UMN (spasticity, hyperreflexia) and LMN (fasiculations)
16
Q
Following a minor skin break in the face pt has severe HA, periorbital edema, EOM deficits
A
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
Edema because the venous system in the cavernous sisnus does not have valves
17
Q
What finding confirms CNS lymphoma in a HIV +?
A
EBV DNA in the CSF
18
Q
CT reveal global cerebral atrophy that is worse in the temporal and parietal lobes
A
Alzheimers
19
Q
Parkinson’s is caused by an accumulation of
A
alpha synuclein w/in the substantia nigran
20
Q
3 classic signs of PD?
A
resting tremor
rigidity
Bradykinesia
Best way to dx - at least two of these on PE
21
Q
Pt has sparse and non fluent speech, impaired repitition, but can follow commands
A
Broca aphasia
can have right hemiparesis
Affects dominant temporal lobe (ie, R handed man, L hemisphere is dominant)
22
Q
Lots of words w/o meaning, not able to follow commands, poor repeating
A
Wernicke aphasia
23
Q
Fluent but with phonemic errors (sunny vs. funny), able to follow commands, no repeating
A
Conductive aphasia
Can see this in severe forms of Broca’s aphasia that extends to the arcuate fasciculus
24
Q
loss pain and temp on ipsi face, contra body
Vertigo, nystagmus
ipsi hornor’s syndrome
A
Lateral medullary infarct (Wallenberg syndrome)
Occlusion of the PICA or intracerebral vertebral a.
Motor function is spared
25
Acute, unilateral, severe retro-orbital pain that wakes a pt up
Cluster HA
tx - oxygen
Ppx - verapamil, lithium
26
Pt with new onset CVA syx has a negative CT, now what?
Give TPA
Negative CT means non hemorrhagic so give TPA for best neurologic outcomes
Contra's - hx of intracerebral bleed, BP>185/110, Platelets <100,000
INR>1.7
27
Pt is treated for CVA w/ sudden loss of contra senses, weeks later now has burning pain and develops allodynia (excessive pain in response to light touch) on the affected side
Thalamic pain syndrome
Pt likely had a Lacunar stroke of the posterolateral thalamus (pure sensory lacunar stroke)
Occlusion of deep branches of the PCA
28
Elderly w/ onset of confusion and lethargy x hours and hyperdense mass in parietal lobe
Parietal lobe hemorrhage
| Most likely cause is - cerebral AMYLOID angiopathy. Most common cause of spontaneous lobar hemorrhage in an adult >60
29
Pt has months hx of right hand clumsiness and decreased sensation over 4th and 5th fingers
Ulnar n. syndrome
Clumsiness = weak grip
ulnar n. entrapment in the medial epicondylar groove (elbow)
Entrapment is typically caused by leaning on the elbows during work (for long periods, ie, at a desk or table)
Apparently extremely high yield for USMLE
30
Most common dementia in the US?
Alzheimer's
Early memory and visospatial impairments
Can have gait impairement in advanced dz
31
Blindness in one eye
```
optic n. damage (pre chiasm)
#1
```
32
Loss of left visiual field in each eye
Left homonymous hemianopia
Optic tract damage (post chiasm) OR
loss of optic radiations (temporal AND parietal)
#3 or #6
33
loss of bottom left corner of visiual field in each eye
Left inferior homonymous quadrantonopia
| Defect in parietal optic radiations (usually #4)
34
Loss up top left corner of visual field
Left superior homonymous quadrantonopia
| Defect in optic radiations to the temporal lobe or Meyers loop #5
35
Loss of left half of visual field with sparing of the center of vision
Left homonymous hemianopia w/ macular sparing
Defect in occipital cortex
Usually #7 or most posterior option
36
Papilledema refers to swelling of the
Optic disc
| Caused by increased ICP
37
Ipsilateral optic disc atrophy due to compression by a space occupying lesion in the frontal lobe
papilledema in contra optic disc due to increased ICP
Foster-Kennedy syndrome
38
Morning HA, transient visual oscuration
Increased ICP
| Caused by space occupying lesion (tumor, AVM, anuerysm, pseudotomor cerebri (IIH))
39
Large blind spot with intact visual acuity
Drusen (pseudopapilledema)
Caused by small hyaline concretions
Fundoscopic exam - glistening hyaline bodies
40
Painful visual loss that is worth with hot baths or exercise, retro-orbital pain
Optic neuritis
Suggestive of demyelination
tx - IV methylprednisone
41
Sudden painless visual loss in pt >50 w/ HTN or DM
```
Ischemia (AION)
Vascular cause (occlusion, TIA) or temporal arteritis
```
42
Misalignment of the eyes
strabismus
43
What does the doll's eyes test assess?
Useful in unconscious pt to evaluate integrity of the vestibular and oculomotor apparatus
Tests vestibulo-ocular movement, CN III, IV, and VIII
If intact, the reflex will rotate the eyes in the direction opposite of the head movement
Suggests nuclear dysfunction
44
horizontal gaze center
Paramediane Pontine reticular formation (PPRF)
45
Defects in MLF produce?
INO
46
Defect in PPRF and ipsilateral MLF
one-and-a-half syndrome
| Gaze palsy to the ipsilateral side and INO in contralateral gaze
47
Vertical gaze center
riMLF
48
What is saccades?
Rapid conjugate movement of the eyes to look at objects
| Defect - oculomotor apraxia
49
How do you tell if nystagmus is central or peripheral?
Peripheral - unilateral
| Central - bilateral
50
Initial Tx for symptomatic myasthinia gravis?
Pyridostigmine
Achesterase inhibitor
If resistant - add an immunosuppresive like a steroid
51
Pt present to ER w/ new onset seizure. Now what?
labs - electrolytes
Utox
CT w/o contrast
52
Pt has stroke syx quickly followed by n/v
Suggestive in intracrainial hemorrhage. n/v because of increased intracranial pressure
53
Age-related hearing loss
Presbycusis
Progressive, b/l, symmetric
Sensorineural loss
54
What deficits are found in DM?
alterations of sensation and proprioception
55
How do you work up idiopathic UMN findings?
MRI of the spine
56
Most likely cause of hemorrhagic stroke in a hypertensive pt?
hypertensive vasculopathy
57
Fever, general muscle rigidity, autonomic instability, AMS
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Life threatining idiosyncratic drug rxn to DA antagonists
Look for a recent schizo or psychosis episode that would lead to taking an antipsychotic (usually in last 2 weeks), especially 1st gen antipsychotic (haloperidol)
Type B rxn - INdependent of drug dose
Tx - remove aggravating agent and provide supportive care +/- Dantrolene as needed
58
What are the two ways that MS will present?
1. optic neuritis - mononuclear blindness, painful eye movement
2. Transverse myelitis - motor and sensory loss below the level of the lesion, incontinence
59
Tx for depression w/ pseudodementia
SSRI
| Psedodementia is a reversible cognitive impairment
60
When do you order an MRI for a pt with a hx of HA's?
When the HA differs in character from the prior
Present when awakening in the morning
Causing frequent nausea, vomiting, or blurry vision
New seizure, AMS, new HA at >40, trauma
61
Pathophysiology of normal pressure hydrocephaly
Decreased CSF absorption -> transient increase in ICP causing ventricular enlargement w/o chronically increased pressure
62
Stroke presenting with unilateral motor impairment
Posterior limb of internal capsule (lacunar infarct)
63
Stroke involving contra motor (face arm leg)
Eye deviates toward the lesion
Homonymous hemianopia
MCA occlusion
Aphasia when affecting dominant hemisphere
Hemineglect when affecting nondominant
Can affect upper and lower extremities but usually upper is worse
64
Stroke involving sensory and motor of lower extremity
Abulia (lack of will, initiative)
Dyspraxia, emotional distubrance, urine incontinence
ACA occlusion
| Can involve upper and lower extremities but usually the lower is worse
65
Stroke contra hemiplegia and ipsi CN involvement
| ataxia possible
Vertebrobasilar system lesion
| Supplies the brain stem, so think more basal fxn deficits
66
Stroke presenting with homonymous hemianopia
Visual hallucinations
Sensory syx
CN III palsy
PCA occlusion
67
Pathophys of lacunar strokes
Microatheroma formation and lipohyalinosis of the small penetrating arteries
RF's - HTN, HLD, DM, and smoking
Pure motor hemiparesis = internal capsule
Often CT negative
68
Parkinson's is a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the
Basal Ganglia
| Interrupts the neurologic connections between the thalamus and motor cortex
69
MG is caused by autoAb's against ACh receptors at the
Motor end plate
70
What gait is characteristic in PD?
Shuffling gait (hypokinetic)
71
Essential findings to declare brin death
Absent cortical and brain stem fxns
| However spinal cord can still be fxn'ing so DTR's may be present
72
Side effects of amitriptyline
```
Orthostatic hypotension (alpha andrenergic), lethargy (H1), anticholinergic syx (M1; dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention)
Tx - d/c TCA
```
73
Exaggerated hip and knee flexion while walking
"steppage" gait
Common peroneal neuropathy
L5 radiculopathy
74
Cancer that commonly metastasizes to brain in a male
Lung
MRI - multiple well-circumscribed lesions with vasogenic edema ant the gray white matter junction
Look for hx of tobacco use + new onset seizures
75
Acute onset of vertigo, n/v
Vestibular neuronitis
76
Episodic vertigo, n/v, fluctuating but progressive hearing loss, tinnitus, sensation of ear fullness
Meniere dz
| Caused by intermitten increase in endolymphatic volume
77
ear popping at time of sneezing, nose-blowing, coughing, straining followed by acute onset of vertigo
Perilymph fistula
78
Vertigo precipitated by changes in position
Benign position paroxysmal vertigo (BPPV)
attacks usually last seconds-minutes
Caused by freely moving calcium carbonate crystals
Dix-Hallpike test - offending ear will be closest to the ground during the test
79
Pt complains of an intermittant limp with foot tingling/numbness. On PE, impaired dorsiflexion and great toe extension. DTR's intact
Common peroneal n.impingement
Associated with immobilization (cast), prolonged leg crossing, squatting
Dx w/ EMG, NCS
Tx - splinting, PT
80
If you suspect Vit B12 deficiency, what else should be checked in addition to Sr B12?
```
Methylmalonic acid (MMA)
More sensitive in detecting B12 deficiency
```
81
AMS + T>40C (105F)
Heat stroke
| Complications include: rhabdo, ARF, ARDS, and coagulopathic bleeding
82
How do you assess an elderly pt with gradual onset of forgetfulness
Neurocognitive testing
Will likely involve the mini-mental state exam
Differentiates between aging and dementia
83
Most common causes of a single brain abscess
Staph aureus
Strep viridians
CT with ring enhancing lesion in a immunocompetent pt
84
Brain CT/MRI reveals a butterfly appearing lesion with central necrosis
Glioblastoma multiforme
| Shape is similar to the spinal cord
85
Sudden onset unilateral orbitofrontal HA w/ n/v, unilateral eye pain w/ injected conjunctiva, dilated pupil w/ poor light response
angle closure glaucoma
Sudden narrowing of the anterior chamber angle
Asian woman >40
Can see aura's. Sounds like a mix of migraine and cluster HA in stem
86
Areflexic weakness in b/l UE and sensory loss in a cape like distribution
Syringomyelia
fluid-filled cavity w/in the cervical and thoracic spinal cord
Associated with chiari type 1
87
Tx for Botulism
Equine antitoxin
| Botulism toxin inhibits presynaptic ACh release
88
What medications can cause idiopathic intracranial HTN (IIH)?
Growth hormone
Tetracyclines
Excessive vit A
89
New onset seizure + LP with RBC's and elevated protein
HSV encephalitis
| Get a PCR of CSF
90
Major complications after a SAH?
1st 24 hours - rebleeding
3-10 days - Vasospasm, vasonarrowing at the base of the brain due to degeneration of the vessels leads to infarction, dx with Ct angio and prevent with nimodipine
91
Pathophys of tetanus
Disorder of the presynaptic neuromuscular junction
Clostridium tetani toxin
Blocks the release of inhibitory NT's (glycine, and GABA)
Fever, muscle spasms (trismus)
Tx - debride, abx, IF against tetanus toxin, tetanus toxoid
92
Tx of IIH?
Long term - Acetazolamid +/- furosemide
| Acute - LP, steroids
93
Vertical or horizontal gaze palsy
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP)
| In the spectrum of a parkinsonian dz
94
Startle myoclonus
CJD
95
Tx for Tics
Antipsychotics
| anti DA drugs
96
Myasthenia gravis + ARF
Myasthenic crisis
97
Where is the damage in cauda equina syndrome?
Spinal n. roots
| Damage can happen b/l but assymetrically vs conus medullaris will be symmetric
98
What side effects are expected soon after initiation of levodopa/carbidopa?
hallucinations, dizziness, HA, agitation
| After many years - involuntary movements
99
Sudden unilateral vision loss + fundoscopy exam with cherry red macula and retinal whitening
Central retinal a. occlusion
Mononuclear painless acute vision loss
Embolization from ICA or heart
Tx - manage underlying atherosclerosis or cardiac anomaly
100
Rapidly progressing dementia + sharp wave changes on EEG
CJD
101
MOA of benzo's
Enhance GABA -> inhibitory influence on neurons
102
Pt is unable to raise eyebrow, close the eye, facial drop, no nasolabial fold
Bell's palsy
| CN VII
103
Left sided hemineglect is due to damage at the?
Right (non dominant) Parietal
104
What do you do for people that have been in contact with a person that had bacterial meningitis?
Abx prophylaxis
105
Teenager frequently falls asleep in class and has episodes of neck/knee muscles when socializing
Narcolepsy
| Episodes are likely cateplexy
106
What is useful in dx'ing if a pt has acute angle gluacoma?
Tonometry
| Measures intraocular pressure
107
Pt has exercise intolerance (muscle pain, fatigue, cramps) and has redish urine shortly after
McArdle Dz (Muscle phosphorylase deficiency)
Defect in glycogen storage
Myoglobinuria shortly after exercise (due to rhabdo)
"Second wind" phenomenon
108
Quickest way to decrease intracerebral pressure?
Intubation and hyperventialtion
Can give IV mannitol once stable
Decrease in CO2 -> vasoconstriciton
109
Syncopal episodes, sig decreased BP in one arm
Subclavian steal syndrome
| Decreased brain stem perfusion due to reversal of flow in one vertebral artery
110
Increased cholinergic activity is caused by?
Organophosphate activity
111
Tx for Restless leg syndrome
Pramipexole
112
Pt has vomiting/diarrhea, tinnitus, + rash (erythematous patches, hyperpigmented macules, depigmented macules, nails with white lines), decreased sensation absent ankle reflexes
Arsenic poisoning
113
Most common cause of movement disorders?
Metoclopramide (used to treat gastroparesis)
| Can cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome
114
Pt does not meet all the criteria of SIGE CAPS but has had depressed mood x 3 years
Dysthymia
Chronic depression that persists for at lease two years
Less acute and severe than MDD
115
Atrophic gastritis pt has LMN and UMN signs
Vit B12 deficiency
116
Pt has a stroke syx x 4hrs + vegetations on heart valve. How do you manage?
Blood cultures and abx
117
Osteoblastic bone met most likely came from
Prostate
118
Osteolytic bone met most likely came from
Lung
119
Unilateral decrease in hearing
| Turning fork over forehead lateralizes to the NL ear
Neurofibromatosis
| Sensorineural hearing loss
120
Kid w/ seizures, suprasellar mass with specs of calcium
Craniopharyngioma
121
Temporary (hours) total disruption of short term memory
Transient global amnesia
| Don't need to do anything unless it is recurrent
122
Initial Tx for Shingles
po Acyclovir
123
Degeneration of striatal GABA neurons
Huntington's Dz
| Atrophy of caudate on CT
124
Sinus infection leading to diplopia, partial loss of vision in one eye
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
125
#1RF for Stroke
HTN
126
Best management for a solitary brain met?
Surgical resection
| Multiple - radiation
127
Following trauma:
Decreased motor, pain, and temp fxn b/l
Proprioception, vibration, light touch intact
Anterior cord syndome
Caused by damage to the anterior spinal artery
Vibration, proprioception, and light touch are fed by dorsal column arteries
128
At what point during a seizure is a pt at risk of hypoxic injury?
Status elepticus lasting >5min
129
Young adult presents with tremor, muscular rigidity, clumsy gait + liver dz. how do you confirm dx?
Slit lamp (kayser-Fleischer rings) + Low Serum ceruloplasmin level
Wilsons dz
ar, abn copper deposition
130
Hemorrhagic stroke with occipital HA, nuchal rigidity, n/v, nystagmus, ipsi hemiataxia
Cerebellar hemorrhage
Confirm with CT
Get emergency surgical decompression
131
How do you manage a pt that hasn't had breakthrough seizures in > 2 years on phenytoin but contemplating pregnancy
```
Slowly taper and d/c phenytoin
Known tertogen (fetal hydantoin syndrome)
Slowly taper to prevent chance of withdrawl seizure
```
132
Ppx tx for pt w/ frequent migraines
Topiramate
Divalproex sodium
TCA's
Beta blockers
133
Following a trauma, Head HT reveals numerous punctuate hemorrhages w/ blurring of the gray-white matter interface
Diffuse axonal injury (TBI)
Caused by sudden accelration-deceleration impact
Can cause LOC -> vegetative state
134
How do you work up a pt with transient (<10m) painless monocular vision loss? "Curtain falling over the R eye"
Duplex u/s of the carotids
Suspicious for amaurosis fugax
Retinal ischemia due to atherosclerotic emboli from the ipsi carotid a.
135
Band like HA around temporal and occipatal lobes
Tension type HA
Tx - NSAIDS
If persistent/frequent - TCA's
136
Decreased sensation over thumb and index finger suggests damage to which nerve root?
C6
137
Post MVA pt is comatose, has CN III palsy, and is hyperventilating. This is concerning for?
Uncal herniation
| Can compress CN 3 and midbrain compression -> decerebrate and coma
138
What CSF finding is diagnostic for CJD?
Increased 14-3-3 protein
139
Brain MRI reveals abn T2 signal in basal ganglia
CJD
140
Left honomynous hemyanopsia
Left sided neglect
Speech intact
R PCA
141
Lambort-Eaton involves pre-synaptic Ab attack at the?
Myoneural junction
142
Following administration of haloperidol pt has reptitive neck extension and uncontrollable eye movements. Tx?
Give Anticholinergic
| she is having dystonias in response to the antipsychotic
143
How do you manage a pt with syx of temporal arteritis and new onset of dim vision in one eye
Corticosteroid therapy now and temporal artery biopsy within 3 days
This helps to prevent blindness
144
Initial workup for a pt with difficulty using hand
Electrophysiology studies
145
Homebrewer has 2 wk hx of progressive weakness, no UMN signs, microcytic anemia and hyperuricemia
Lead poisoning
146
Progressive visual dimming in the eye x hours + Decreased acuity + NL CT
Optic neuritis
147
Child w/ hx of strep infection presents with involuntary movements and OCD
PANDAS
| Autoimmune disorder of the basal ganglia
148
Child w/ hx of strep infection presents with involuntary movements, emotional liability, and hypotonia
Sydenham Chorea
149
Progressive muscle weaknees + elevated EST + elevated creatinine kinase
Polymyositis
| Dx with an EMG
150
DM pt is presenting w/ neuropathic pain and some numbness after taking a course of steroids
Diabetic Neuropathy
| Exacerbation due to steroid use (hyperglycemia)
151
Immediate tx for a spinal tumor causing mass effect
```
IV dexamethasone (steroids)
Future - surgical resection
```
152
Younger male with back pain that is most severe when waking. Tenderness over insertion of the Achilles
Ankylosing spondylitis
153
Epileptic pt has superior quadrant honomynous hemianopsia. Where is the lesion?
Temporal lobe
| Look for complex (LOC) partial (not full body) seizure
154
Tx for narcolepsy
Modanfinil
155
College student presents with seizure after drinking a lot of water at a party. Hyponatremic, Elevated Cr kinase
Ecstasy OD
156
Neurofibromatosis type 1 is associated with
Nodules on the lips and tongue
Cafe au lait spots
Optic nerve glioma
157
NF type II is associated with?
B/l acoustic Schwanomas
158
Tx for TIA
Start Aspirin, statin
| Modify RF's to improve BP control
159
PD pt presents with acute angle-closure glaucoma. Why?
Trihexyphenidyl (anticholinergic used in PD)
160
Elderly pt w/ spondylosis presents w/ weakness that is more pronounced in the UE than the LE following a trauma
Central cord syndrome
Occurs w/ hyperextension injury in a elderly pt with pre-existing deenerative changes
Damage to the lateral spinothalamic tract
161
pt has sudden burst of flashing lights, blurred vision. Opthalmoscope reveals retinal tears and grayish appearing retina
Retinal detachment
Sudden onset of photopsia and floaters
"Curtain coming down over my eyes"
162
Fundoscopy reveals "blood and thunder" appearance of optic disk swelling, retinal hemorrhages, dilated veins, cotton wool spots
Central retinal vein occlusion
painless loss of vision\
if the thrombi comes from the ICA = amaurosis fugax, tends to be more temporary
163
Pain and swelling over inner aspect of the eye, pressure causes expression of purulent discharge
Dacrocystitis
Infection of the lacrimal sac caused by staph or strep
Infants and adults>40
Tx - systemic abx
164
Pt with progressive vision loss is asked to cover his left eye and look at a small spot on a grid and describes the vertical lines as bent and wavy. Why?
Macular degeneration
Most common cause of blindness in industrial countries
Lose fine visual acuity first
165
Corneal vescles and dendritic ulcers
Herpes simplex keratitis
Frequent cause of corneal blindness
Tx - top or po Antiviral
166
Painful slwelling of the eyelid with no changes of the eye itself
External hordeolum (stye)
inflammatory disorder of the eyelash follicle or tear gland
Tx - warm compress
Can have a residual painless nodule that resolves within months after (Chalazion)
167
Parkinsonism + orthostatic hypotension, impotence
Shy-Dager (Multiple system atrophy)
| Tx- Intervascular volume expansion
168
Loss of pain/temp over ipsi face, contra body
Vertigo, nystagmus
Horner's
Lateral medullary infarct (wallenbery)
Motor fxn is spared
Occlusion of vertebral a.
169
CNVII defect that is below the pons
Bell's palsy, pt can't close eye or lift eyebrows
| Above the pons will spare the forehead (Facial n. palsy)
170
Pramipexole (RLS tx) alters?
DA agonist
171
CSF finding in Guillain Barre?
Elevated protein
NL cell count
(albuminocytologic dissociation)
172
Broca's aphasia is caused by a lesion in?
Dominant frontal lobe
Spares, nonfluent speech
Associated with Right face and UE hemiparesis
173
What can happen if pseudotumor cerebri is left untreated?
Blindness
