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Neuro > Neuro test prep > Flashcards

Neuro test prep Flashcards

1
Q

what connects both wernicke and and Broca’s area

A

arcuate fasciculus

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2
Q

wernicke has a prob with

A

comprehension

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3
Q

Broca has a prob with

A

speech/production

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4
Q

partial loss as opposed to complete loss

A

dys

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5
Q

when you cannot remember a word

A

anomia

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6
Q

cannot read

A

Alexia

root word: lex

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7
Q

deficit in writing

A

agraphia

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8
Q

vision based on what kind of communication

A

gestures or facial expression/body languages/ sign language

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9
Q

seeing is the access and then promoting you to make a selection
-then selection and integration

A

lexical access

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10
Q

4 lexical organizational principles

A

-organize based on meaning –> morpheme
-usage
-organized based on sound –> phoneme
-based on semantic relationships

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11
Q

1st stage of addiction

A

binge/intoxication

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12
Q

where is involved in binge/intoxication

A

basal ganglia (habit formation)

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13
Q

2nd stage of addiction

A

withdrawal/negative affect

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14
Q

what is involved in withdrawal/negative affect

A

extended amygdala

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15
Q

what is the 3rd stage of addiction

A

preoccupation/anticiptation

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16
Q

what is involved in preoccupation/anticipation

A

prefrontal cortex

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17
Q

wanting, motivation connected to the affect of the drug –> induce dopaminergic release in nucleus accumbent with the drug

A

incentive salience

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18
Q

repeated use of drug –> become dissociated, use without linking _____ & _____

A

compulsivity and impulsivity

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19
Q

what are the 3 things that lead to relapse

A

-drug itself
-cues
-stress

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20
Q

fear processing and rewarding stimuli occurs here

A

amygdala

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21
Q

what happens if there is no amygdala

A

eliminates dear responses and ability to learn fear vs. mood

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22
Q

___ helps guide behavior while mood is long term

-helps for survival + reproduction, teaches something through experience

A

emotion

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23
Q

____ can lead to mood disorders especially when there is stress, cognitive motivation, somatic, & behavioral responses

A

emotional dysregulation

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24
Q

___ is critical to theories of emotion
-HPA axis

A

arousal

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25
Q

amygdala lesions, impairment in fear processing
extinction learning → unpairing

A

Kluver-Bucy syndrome

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26
Q

present unconditioned stimulus again causes
spontaneous recovery

A

reinstatement

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27
Q

response in a different context
2 pathways

A

contextual renewal

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28
Q

low road pathway

A

thalamus to amygdala (immediate response)

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29
Q

high road pathway

A

thalamus → cortex → amygdala (cognitive assessment)

30
Q

flashbulb memory occurs because of ___

A

amygdala

31
Q

region involving disgust

A

insula

32
Q

in emotional regulation the front end does what

A

decide not to experience emotions/ not care/ ignore

33
Q

in emotional regulation the back end does what

A

dealing with emotions/ response focused

34
Q

what was affected in Phineas gage

A

front lobe OFC

35
Q

people show enhanced memory for info pertains to self as opposed to other people

A

self referencing effect

36
Q

how we understand what other people are feeling

A

theory of mind, empathy, experience sharing theory

37
Q

sally ann false belief test

A

theory of mind

38
Q

in mothering, what are the endocrine players

A

estrogen (inc) and progresterone (dec)
both happens at the same time

39
Q

no births

A

nulliparous

40
Q

what maintains maternal behavior early on –> endocrine to pups behaviors that rodent mothers exhibit with young

A

licking
transporting
nest building
lactation

41
Q

one birth

A

primiparous

42
Q

multiple births

A

multiparous

43
Q

process of nulliparous female becoming maternally responsible

A

maternal sensitization (exposure to pups) - usually 5-7 days
scared of pups smell in the first place - take away their smell to speed up the process (anosmia)
social support - buffer to mitigate stress

44
Q

processing safety occurs in

A

ventromedial prefrontal cortex

45
Q

giving support →

A

opioids nuerotransmitter system

46
Q

is only one brain region involved in loneliness?

A

no; 8 interrelated pathways

47
Q

disorder of spacial awareness (lesion in brain) attenton set to same side of space that legion is on (ignore half of visual field)

A

unilateral spacial neglect

48
Q

VISUAL deficit with half of visual field

A

hemianopsia

49
Q

you are trying to process multiple objects at the same time but you cant. You have impairments in the visual systems so you only see parts of the whole. Ex. when shown a picture of a house, you would only see a window, a door, a wall, and so on, but not the entire house.

A

Balint’s syndrome

50
Q

ability to attend to some stimuli and filter out other stimuli
would use ability to filter out noise around you until your name is called
perceptual load theory or treieman’s attenuation theory

A

cocktail party effect

51
Q

the quality of how we experience things
contents of conscious experience → access to that information

A

qualia

52
Q

what’s ADHD

A

genetic, affects learning, attentional disorder, staying focused and getting started, memory

53
Q

How do we express ourselves?

A

Nonverbal, verbal. writing, speaking

54
Q

liking is linked to

A

opioids

55
Q

liking is linked to

A

opioids

56
Q

anti-reward system, You are initially doing drugs beause they feel good, then you end up doing drugs becaue you dont wanna feel bad.

A

Solomons Opponent process theory

57
Q

Trait associated with addiction

A

impulsivity

58
Q

How are moods different from emotions

A

moods are diffuse longer lasting and don’t have an identifiable trigger.

59
Q

emotions are part of ____ behavior

A

social

60
Q

what are the 3 components of emotion

A

-cognition
-physiological
-behavioral

61
Q

After extinction, the response comes back in the same context

A

spontaneous recovery

62
Q

After extinction, the response comes back in a different context

A

contextual renewal

63
Q

2 events get tied in together that you remember them both. one is more important but you remember the insignificant memory too cause its been “tagged” along with the other one (ex. U remember 9/11 but you also remember what u had for breakfast that morning)

A

Synaptic tagging capture

64
Q

How does therapy help to regulate emotions:

A

(how can you change how you feel)
Reappraise the information: maybe this isn’t bad, try to see the silver lining, “im not going to have this response I’m going to mull it over”: RESPONSE FOCUSED
You can decide how long you want this to affect you. Go do something else to emotionally regulate

65
Q

knowing info about yourself, and its also semantic knowledge, even if you dont have access to the memories that would show youre stubborn, It’s stored somewhere else

A

Trait-based semantic knowledge

66
Q

If you want to know how someone else thinks (empathy), how would you do that:

A

Experience sharing theory.

67
Q

What neuron is important in experience sharing theory

A

mirror neuron s

68
Q

Disorders that can arise from troubles with empathy

A

Schizophrenia
ASPD
Autism

69
Q

Why are virgin mice scared of baby mice?

A

Their smell

70
Q

virgin mouse becomes maternally inclined (takes care of pups

A

Maternal sensitization

Neuro (9 decks)

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