Neuro Review / Practice Questions

Question 1

This tract is involved in motor learning and the acquisition of new motor skills.

Answer 1

Olivocerebellar Tract (Inferior Olivary Nuclei)

Question 2

Possible novelty detector. If a mismatch is detected between intended movement and movement that is preformed, then this structure may release appropriate olivary neurons until the mismatch is aligned.

Answer 2

Red Nucleus

Question 3

This nucleus is involved with phobias (emotional responses):

This nucleus is involved with raising your bp when you are scared, etc. (emotional responses):

Answer 3

Basolateral Amygdala Nucleus

Central Amygdala Nucleus

Question 4

_____ is the inability to use language, lose the use of or access to symbols humans use as concepts (words).

____ and ____ areas proved framework for two broad types of these disabilities.

Answer 4

Aphasia

Broca’s
Wernicke’s

Question 5

Patient has trouble with left half of body. May deny something is wrong with left IMDb and can be convinced the left limb is someone else’s. Ignores left half of body (contralateral neglect). What area is damaged?

Answer 5

Right Parietal Lobe Damage

Question 6

The parietal lobe is important for taking sensory information needed to plan a movement accurately. A lack of action (patients unable to perform some actions) is known as ____

Answer 6

Apraxias

Question 7

This cortex is interconnected with parietal association areas. Important role in working memory “keep in mind”, problems planning, solving problems, maintaining attention

Answer 7

Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex

Question 8

Damage to this cortex makes people impulsive (can’t suppress inappropriate responses/emotions)

Answer 8

Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex

Question 9

_____ is a pronounced movement disorder that occurs when the _____ is injured and the indirect pathway fails to “turn off” unnecessary movements

Answer 9

Hemiballismus

Subthalamus Nucleus

Question 10

____ is one of the classic conditions to arise when the basal ganglia is damaged

Answer 10

Chorea

Question 11

Placidity and fearlessness are parts of this illness known as ____. Can occur when ____ are damaged.

Answer 11

Kluver-Bucy syndrome

Both amygdalae

Question 12

Nystagmus can occur when the _____ is damaged.

Answer 12

Vestibulocerebellum

Eye movement disorder

Question 13

Resting tremor and bradykinesa are key features of ____ which occurs when the ____ degenerates.

Answer 13

Parkinson’s Disease

Nigrostriatal tract

Question 14

Inability to perceive/recognize things is known as ____. Can occur when _____ is damaged.

Answer 14

Agnosia

Sensory association cortex is damaged

Question 15

Phineas Gage’s brain injury altered his personality. He specifically experience a loss of ____ functions because the ____ was damaged.

Answer 15

Executive

Ventromedial Prefrontal cortex

Question 16

Loss of ability to form new declarative memories could be caused by a lesion in the ____ or ____.

Answer 16

Fornices

Hippocampi

Question 17

Left sided hemiparesis can be caused be a lesion in the ____

Answer 17

Posterior limb of the internal capsule on the right (contains the descending corticospinal tract)

Question 18

Fluent aphasia is caused by what area of the brain?

Answer 18

Left Temporal-Parietal Area (specifically Wernike’s area)

Question 19

Intention tremor with marked loss of coordination of movement on the right side of the body (mostly right arm affected; walking is ok) is due to a lesion in the _____

Answer 19

Right lateral hemisphere of the cerebellum

Question 20

If a patient has no weakness/motor dysfunction but can’t mimic what you show him, the stroke must have occurred in the _____

Answer 20

Left Parietal Lobe

Question 21

Auditory relay nucleus

Answer 21

Medial Geniculate Nucleus

Question 22

Association nucleus interconnected with prefrontal cortex

Answer 22

Dorsomedial Nucleus of Thalamus

Question 23

Relay nucleus for vision

Answer 23

Lateral Geniculate Nucleus

Question 24

Motor relay nucleus

Answer 24

Ventral Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus

Question 25

Sensory relay nucleus for the body

Answer 25

Ventral Posterior Lateral Nucleus of Thatlamus

Question 26

Sensory relay nucleus for the face

Answer 26

Ventral Posterior Medial Nucleus of the Thalamus

Question 27

Limbic relay nucleus receiving its main input from the mamillothalamic tract

Answer 27

Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus

Question 28

Component of the reticular activating system (RAS) and also has connections with basal ganglia and the limbic system

Answer 28

Intralaminar Nuclei of Thalamus

Question 29

Neurons located here project axons to subiculum

Answer 29

CA1

Question 30

Neurons located here project axons to CA1

Answer 30

CA3

Question 31

Neurons located here project axons to numerous cerebral cortical areas

Answer 31

Entorhinal Cortex

Question 32

Receives axonal projections from the dentate

Answer 32

CA3

Question 33

Source of most fibers in the fornix

Answer 33

Alvear pathway

Question 34

Receives fibers traveling in the perforant pathway

Answer 34

Dentate

Question 35

Neurons located here receive projections from numerous cerebral cortical locations

Answer 35

Entorhinal cortex

Question 36

Hippocampus efferent fibers that converge to form the fornix

Answer 36

Alvear pathway

Question 37

A destination of fibers in the fornix

Answer 37

Anterior Nucleus of thalamus

Mammillary bodies

Question 38

Consists primarily of fibers from the subiculum

Answer 38

Alvear Pathway

Fimbria

Question 39

Thalamic relay nucleus for Papez circuit

Answer 39

Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus

Question 40

Receives input from a thalamic relay nucleus via the anterior limb of the internal capsule

Answer 40

Cingulate gyrus

Question 41

Contains the entorhinal cortex

Answer 41

Parahippocampal gyrus