E2 Great Vessel Development

Question 1

Development of the arterial system happens from _____ to _____

Answer 1

1st month

1st breath

Question 2

Aortic Arches arise from the ____, terminate in the _____ appear in a ____ to ____ sequence and not all simultaneously.

Answer 2

Aortic sac

R and L dorsal aortae

Cranial
Caudal

Question 3

1st Aortic Arch derivative:

Answer 3

Regress- maxillary a.

Question 4

2nd Aortic Arch derivative:

Answer 4

Regress- stapedial and hyoid aa

Question 5

3rd Aortic Arch derivative:

Answer 5

L/R common carotid, internal carotid, external carotid aa.

Question 6

4th Aortic Arch derivative:

Answer 6

L- Part of aortic arch

R- Part of R subclavian a.

Question 7

6th Aortic Arch derivative:

Answer 7

L- L pulmonary a. and ductus arteriosus

R- R pulmonary a.

Question 8

7th segmental artery derivative:

Answer 8

L- L subclavian a

R- Part of R subclavian a

Question 9

Dorsal Aorta derivative:

Answer 9

L- Descending thoracic aorta

R- Regress- part of R subclavian a

Question 10

Aortic sac derivative:

Answer 10

L- Part of aortic arch

R- Brachiocephalic trunk

Question 11

Most somatic arteries of trunk develop from ______ from dorsal aorta.
They specifically become Intercostal and Lumbar aa.

Answer 11

Intersegmental arteries

Question 12

Initially are number of paired vessels supplying the yolk sac. Will fuse to form arteries in dorsal mesentery of the gut. Develop into Celiac artery/trunk and Superior Mesenteric a.

Answer 12

Vitelline a.

Question 13

Initially are paired ventral branches off dorsal aorta; course to the placenta. Develop into Inferior Mesenteric a.

Answer 13

Umbilical Artery

Question 14

The Umbilical artery develops into the _____, but it also forms a secondary connection with the dorsal aorta known as _____. After birth, proximal portions persist as ______. Distal parts are obliterated to form ______.

Answer 14

Inferior Mesenteric a.

Common Iliac a.

Internal Iliac and Superior Vesical aa.

Median Umbilical Ligaments

Question 15

Intersegmental aa derivatives:

Answer 15

Intercostal aa

Lumbar aa

Question 16

Vitelline aa derivatives:

Answer 16

Celiac Trunk

Superior Mesenteric a.

Question 17

Coronary arteries are derived from ____. Connection to the aorta is formed by ingrowth of arterial endothelial cells. This is how the coronary aa invade the aorta.

Answer 17

Epicardium

Question 18

The three pairs of major veins of the embryonic venous system are:

Answer 18

1. Vitelline vv- drains GI tract and gut derivatives
2. Umbilical vv- oxygenated blood from placenta to embryo
3. Cardinal vv- draining head, neck, and body wall

Question 19

As the vitelline vv pass through septum transversum, the liver cords growing into the septum interrupt the course and form ____. The network around the duodenum will form a single vessel known as ____.

Answer 19

Hepatic Sinusoids

Hepatic portal v

Question 20

Reduction in the L sinus horn results in enlargement of R vitelline duct to form part of the ____.
The ____ is also derived from the R vitelline vein. R-L anastomoses remodeled to drain into the portal vein, this is the ____ vein and ____ vein.

Answer 20

Inferior Vena Cava

Superior Mesenteric v

Splenic
Inferior Mesenteric

Question 21

R umbilical v will regress and obliterate. L umbilical v will lose connection to sinus horn and form _____, which bypasses the sinusoidal plexus of the liver and drains directly into IVC

Answer 21

Ductus Venosus

Question 22

Posterior Cardinal vv derivatives:

Answer 22

Common Iliac vv

Sacral Portion of IVC

Question 23

Anterior Cardinal vv derivatives

Answer 23

Brachiocephalic vv

IJV

EJV

Question 24

Supracardinal vv derivatives:

Answer 24

Intercostal vv
Hemiazygos v
Azygos v
Segment of IVC inferior to kidneys

Question 25

Subcardinal vv derivatives:

Answer 25

Renal vv
Gonadal vv
Renal segment of IVC

Question 26

Common Cardinal vv derivatives:

Answer 26

Superior Vena Cava (from R common cardinal)

Question 27

6 primary lymph sacs include:

Answer 27

1. Jugular (2)
2. Iliac (2)
3. Retroperitoneal (1)
4. Cisterna Chyli (1)

Question 28

Caudal R lymphatic duct plus anastomosis of L and R cranial thoracic ducts make up the ____

Answer 28

Thoracic Duct

Question 29

Cranial portion of the right thoracic duct makes up the _____

Answer 29

Right Lymphatic Duct

Question 30

The ____ cardinal vv drain the cephalic part of embryo. The ___ cardinal vv drain the rest of the embryo. The ____ cardinal vv are the joining of Anterior and Posterior cardinals and empty into ____.

Answer 30

Anterior

Posterior

Common

Sinus horns