N1 Cerebellum

Question 1

Describe the functions of the Cerebellum:

Answer 1

MOTOR ADAPTATION

1. Regulates equilibrium
2. Controls muscle tone and posture
3. Provides motor coordination for voluntary movements

Question 2

Motor sequence learning is the function of the _____

Answer 2

Basal Ganglia

Question 3

What separates the modulus from the rest of the vermis (or the flocculonodular lobe from the body of the cerebellum)?

Answer 3

Posterolateral fissure

Question 4

What separates the anterior and posterior lobes of the cerebellum?

Answer 4

Primary Fissure

Question 5

Which cerebellar deep nucleus contributes most fibers in the SCP?

Answer 5

Dentate nucleus

Question 6

These interconnect cerebellum and brainstem

Answer 6

Three Cerebellar Peduncles

Question 7

Inputs from spinal cord and brainstem; monitors muscle and limb movement

Answer 7

Restiform Body of Inferior cerebellar peduncle

Question 8

Interconnects vestibular nuclei and cerebellum

Answer 8

Juxtarestiform body of Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle

Question 9

Largest, lateral to pons, afferent from contralateral basis pontis; relays motor signals from cerebral cortex

Answer 9

Middle Cerebellar Peduncle (Brachium Pontis)

Question 10

Mostly efferent fibers to red nucleus and thalamus (VL)

Answer 10

Superior Cerebellar Peduncle (Brachium Conjunctivum)

Question 11

The ____ peduncle is the major output of the cerebellum

Answer 11

Superior Cerebellar

Question 12

Three layers of the Cerebellar Cortex:

Answer 12

1. Molecular Layer- contains Purkinje cell dendrites, granule cell axons
2. Purkinje Cell layer- only axons to leave cortex
3. Granule layer

Question 13

Vestibulocerebellum:

1. Input
2. Cerebellar Location
3. Output
4. Function

Answer 13

1. Vestibular labyrinth; vestibular nuclei
2. Flocculonodular lobe; vermis (part of)
3. Fastigial nucleus; vestibular nuclei
4. Control of eye movements in response to head movements; balance

Question 14

Spinocerebellum:

1. Input
2. Cerebellar Location
3. Output
4. Function

Answer 14

1. Spinal Cord (SCT); brainstem (Trigeminal afferents)
2. Paravermal area; vermis (part of)
3. Interposed nucleus (red nucleus- rubrospinal/reticulospinal pathways; VA/VL of thalamus- limb area of primary motor cortex)
4. Posture and gait; coordination of trunk/limb movements

Question 15

Neocerebellum/Pontocerebellum:

1. Input
2. Cerebellar location
3. Output
4. Function

Answer 15

1. Motor cortex- basilar pons- middle cerebellar peduncle
2. Lateral cerebral hemisphere
3. Dentate nucleus (red nucleus- inferior olivary nucleus; VA/VL of thalamus- all motor cortex and parietal lobe)
4. Planning the timing of movements (esp Upper limbs); speech coordination

Question 16

One side of cerebellum affects ____ side of body

One half of cerebellum projects to ____ thalamus

Answer 16

Ipsilateral

Contralateral

Question 17

Summarize the functional zones of the cerebellum:

Answer 17

1. Lateral Hemispheres: planned learned, skillful movements, those that become more precise/rapid with practice
2. Medial Hemispheres: adjusting limb movements
3. Vermis: postural movements
4. Vestibulocerebellum: flocculus and vermis important to eye movements

Question 18

The lateral cerebellum is also related to this function:

Answer 18

Speech

Question 19

Heads up

Answer 19

These Neuro lectures are too hard to convert into flash cards. DO NOT rely on these flash cards for studying the Neuro lectures. The other flash card lectures (Gross, Embryo, Histo) should be just peachy.