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CRG RUSVM GA2 > Neuro Quiz - Miscellaneous Questions > Flashcards

Neuro Quiz - Miscellaneous Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most energy demanding tissue in the body?

A

Central Nervous System

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2
Q

The cerebral aterial circle is also known as:

A

Circle of Willis

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3
Q

In which species do we find Rete Mirabile, a modification of the internal carotid arteries?

A

Feline, ruminant, porcine

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4
Q

What are the 3 main arteries that supply the brain?

A

2 internal carotid arteries and 1 basilar artery

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5
Q

The _________ artery is the result of the union of bilateral vertebral arteries after they pass into the braincase

A

basilar artery

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6
Q

What is the name for the space created by dural reflections of the meninges?

A

dural sinuses

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7
Q

What is the primary blood supply to the spinal cord?

A

ventral spinal artery

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8
Q

What is the secondary blood supply to the spinal cord?

A

dorsal spinal arteries

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9
Q

What is the venous system within the epidural space?

A

Internal verterbral venous plexus

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10
Q

What is the deepest layer of the meninges?

A

Pia mater

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11
Q

What is the middle layer of the meninges?

A

arachnoid layer (mater)

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12
Q

___________ is between the arachnoid layer and pia mater; contains CSF

A

subarachnoid space

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13
Q

The ____________ is located in the pia mater of the spinal cord and connects the pia mater to the arachnoid and dura mater

A

denticulate ligament(s)

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14
Q

What are the two layers of the dura mater of the cranial meninges?

A

periosteal & meningeal

These two layers separate to create the dural sinuses

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15
Q

Is production of CSF an active or passive process?

A

ACTIVE.

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16
Q

What is hydrocephalus?

A

When excessive accumulation of CSF results in an abnormal widening of the ventricles

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17
Q

Lesions associated with the visual cortex of the occipital lobe may produce __________

A

cortical blindness

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18
Q

Which lobe is responsible for perception and innervation of visual information?

A

occipital lobe

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19
Q

Which lobe integrates sensory information to produce a 3D “map” of the body’s location in space and its relation to objects in that space?

A

parietal lobe

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20
Q

Unilateral lesions of the parietal globe produce:

A

hemineglect

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21
Q

Which lobe contains sensory and motor cortices with regions that plan and initiate movement?

A

frontal lobe

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22
Q

Which lobe is responsible for perception and interpretation of olfactory information?

A

piriform lobe

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23
Q

Lesions of which lobe result may result in loss of smell?

A

piriform lobe

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24
Q

Which lobe is responsible for perception and interpretation of auditory information?

A

temporal lobe

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25
Q

True or false: Destruction of the left auditory cortex will result in deafness in the right ear.

A

False.

It won’t result in deafness in either ear. Multiple decussations allow info from both cochlea to reach both auditory cortices.

SO, both auditory cortices must be destroyed for deafness to occur

26
Q

Which portion of the limbic system is responsible for homeostasis and circadian rythym?

A

hypothalamus

27
Q

Which portion of the limbic system is responsible for emotional memory (ex: signs of fear even if auditory cortex is damaged)

A

amygdala

28
Q

Which portion of the limbic system is responsible for converting short term memory to long term memory?

A

hippocampus

29
Q

Which portion of the limbic system is responsible for emotional behavior and conscious proprioception?

A

thalamus

30
Q

Functions to arouse the cortex; controls consciousness and requires a functional cortex:

A

ARAS

Ascending Reticular Activating System

31
Q

Cerebral disorder resulting in an episodic and sudden onset of REM sleep:

A

narcolepsy

32
Q

A cortical event characterized by abnormal neuronal discharge which is both excessive and hypersynchronized:

A

seizure

33
Q

What is the most common type of seizure in veterinary medicine?

A

generalized seizures

34
Q

Which type of seizure is common in cats and causes facial twitching without loss of consciousness?

A

Simple Partial Seizure

35
Q

Which spinal cord segment supplies the brachial plexus?

A

cervicothoracic (C6-T2)

36
Q

Which spinal cord segment provides SNS innervation to the eye?

A

cervicothoracic (C6-T2)

37
Q

Which spinal cord segment supplies the pelvic plexus?

A

lumbosacral (L4-S2)

38
Q

Where can you collect CSF from?

A

subarachnoid space and cisterna magna

39
Q

Which lobe relates to planning and initiation of movement?

A

frontal

40
Q

Which portion of the limbic system has to do with emotional behavior?

A

thalamus

41
Q

If you have damage to the C6-T2 spinal region, which region of the body would you most likely see signs in?

A

thoracic limb

42
Q

Where is the lumbar intumescence located?

A

L4-S2

43
Q

If you have a lesion in the Dorsal Funiculus (in the white matter), what would be affected?

A

conscious proprioception

44
Q

The very caudal end of the spinal cord (where it ends) is called the:

A

conus medularis

45
Q

Which lobe of the brain is also known as the “sensorymotor cortex”?

A

frontal lobe

46
Q

Damage to the pyriform lobe may result in:

A

anosmia (loss of smell)

47
Q

Which component of the limbic system has a “ram’s horn” shape to it?

A

hippocampus

48
Q

loss of function to the iris sphincter muscles, therefore dilation of the pupil, is known as:

A

mydriasis

49
Q

What does the acronym ARAS stand for and what is its function?

A

ARAS stands for Ascending Reticular Activating System.

It is part of the brainstem reticular formation and is necessary for normal consciousness (along with a functional cerebral cortex)

50
Q

Is the femoral nerve considered UMN or LMN?

A

lower motor neuron (LMN)

51
Q

Neurons originating in the brainstem or spinal cord that synapse onto skeletal muscle fibers

A

lower motor neurons (LMN)

52
Q

Descending neurons originating from the cerebral motor cortex or various nuclei of the brainstem

A

upper motor neurons (UMN)

53
Q

C1 exits the vertebral canal via the:

A

lateral vertebral foramen of atlas

54
Q

C2-C7 exit vertebral canal via the:

A

interbertebral foramen named for the vertebral body that forms near the caudal border

Ex: C4 spinal nerve exits the intervertebral foramen between C3 and C4

55
Q

Which spinal cord region is C1-C5?

A

cranial cervical region

56
Q

Which spinal cord region is T3-L3?

A

Thoracolumbar region

57
Q

Which spinal cord region is C6-T2?

A

Cervicothoracic region

58
Q

Which spinal cord region is S1-S3?

A

Sacral region

59
Q

Which spinal cord region is Cd1-5?

A

caudal region

60
Q

Which spinal cord region supplies sensory and motor innervation to the pelvic limb?

A

Lumbosacral region (L4-S2)

61
Q

About where does the cauda equina begin in the dog?

A

L4

62
Q

What word would you use to describe the mental status of an animal that is responsive to stimuli, but responses are abnormal?

A

demented/delirious/disoriented

CRG RUSVM GA2 (8 decks)

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