Neuro: pharmacokinetics, adverse reactions, dosages Flashcards
anorexiants pharmacokinetics
- absorption: by stomach and small intestine (depends on if regular or SR)
- distribution: well as lipid soluble agents (crosses blood brain barier)
- metabolism: liver
- excretion: through kidneys to urine
- half-life: 2-20 hours (duration of action for regular 4-6h, SR is 8-10h)
anorexiant dosages
page 245
anorexiants adverse reactions
- CV: hypertension, palpitations, arrythmias, TACHYCARDIA, pulmonary hypertension, HEART VALVE INSUFFICIENCY
- EENT: mydriasis, blurred vision
- GI: dry mouth, constipation, vomiting, diarrhea, unpleasant taste
- GU: impotence, urinary urgency, gynecomastia, change in libido
- META: diabetic may need medications altered
- MISC: dizziness, fatigue, depression with sudden withdrawal
- NERO: overstimulation, agitation, convulsions, confusion, psychosis
hydantoins pharmacokinetics
- absorption: oral absorption is slow from intestine
- distribution: quickly enter the brain after absorption and are then distributed throughout the body
- metabolism: liver
- excretion: kidneys
- half-life: 6-24 hours (phenytoinn is 24 hours)
hydantoins dosages
page 247
hydantoins adverse reactions
- CV: hypotension, tachycardia
- DERM: skin rashes, photophobia, hypertrichosis,
- EENT: diplopia, nystgamus
- GI: N/V, anorexia, altered taste, constipation, dry mouth, gingivival hyperplasia
- GU: urinary retention, reddish-brown color
- HEM: life-threatening AGRANULOCYTOSIS and APLASTIC ANEMIA
- META: hyperglycemia
- MS: polyarthropathy
- MISC: coarsness of facial features, enlargement of lips, allergic rxns including STEVEN-JOHNSON SYNDROME
- NEURO: agitation, ataxia, confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nystagmus, decreased corrdnation
iminostilbene pharmacokinetics
page 248
iminostilbenes adverse reactions
- EENT: blurry vision, tinnitus, diplopia, nystagmus
- DERM: rash, acne
- GI: N/V, dry muth, hepatic damage, abnormal pain, dyspepsia, thirst
- GU: impotence, incontinence, rneal failure, azotemia
- HEM: leucopenia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia, transient increase in WBC
- META: hyponatremia, impaired ADH release which leads to water retention
- NEURO: ataxia, gait disturbance, tremor, headache
succinimides pharmacokinetics
page 249
succinimides dosages
page 249
succinimides adverse reactions
- CV: none
- DERM: rash, pruritus
- GI: upset and distress
- GU: reddish brown urine
- HEM: associated with BLOOD DYSCRASIAS
- NEURO: depression, headache, mood change, lethargy
dosages of misc anticonvulsants
page 250
sleep aide pharmacokinetics
page 252
sleep aid dosages
page 252
sleep aid adverse reactions
- CNS: abnormal dreams, sleepwaling, speech problems, vertigo
- CV: HTN, chest discomfort, palpitations
- DERM: urticaria
- EENT: tinnitus, blurry vision, red eye, altered depth perception,
- GI: abdominal discomfort, pain, gas, N/V
- GU: dysuria, incontinence, UTIs
- META: increased body temp
- MS: arthalgia, back pain, myalgia, neck pain
- NEURO: headache, mild retrograde amnesia, anxiety, apathy, attention, blance disorder
triptan pharmacokinetics
page 254
triptan dosages
page 254
triptan adverse reactions
- CV: chest pain, hypotension
- DERM: tingling, warm sensation, flushing
- EENT: vision disturbances
- GI: abdominal discomfort, N.V, diarrhea
- GU: hematuria
- META: warm/hot sensations, heaviness, fatigue
- MS: neck, throat, joint, jaw pain
- MISC: injection site reactions
- NEURO: vertigo, paresthesias, dizziness
- PUL: throat discomfort, allergic rhinitis
ergotamine pharmacokinetics
page 255
ergotamines dosages
page 255
ergotamines adverse reactions
- EENT: rhinitis from nasal spray
- GI: N/V
- META: hot flashes
- NEURO: dizziness, somnolence
anticholinergics pharmacokinetics
page 257
anticholinergic dosing
page 257
anticholinergic adverse reactions
- CV: tachycardia
- DERM: dry skin, rash, photosensitivities
- EENT: blurry vision, midriasis, increased IOP, dry eyes
- GI: N/V, dysphagia, constipation, dry mouth
- GU: urinary hesitency, pain on urination, urinary retention
- NEURO: confusion, euphoria, drowsiness, headache, hallucinations, delusions, paranoia
dopamine agonsits pharmacokinetics
page 257
dopamine agonist dosages
page 257
dopamine agonists adverse reactions
- CV: hypotension
- GI: nausea, distress, constipation, dry mouth, dyspepsia, tooth disease
- GU: urinary frequency
- MS: leg cramps
- NEURO: drowsiness, weakness, headache, confusion, hallucinations, dizziness, sedation, abnormal dreams, compulsivegambling. compulsive sex, falling asleep, TARDIVE DYSKINESIA
dopamine precursors pharmacokinetics
page 258
dopamine precursors dosages
page 258
dopamine precursor adverse reaction
- CV: orthostatic hypotension, irregular heart beat
- DERM: rash, alopecia, malignant melanoma
- GI: N/V (can be severe), anorexia, dry mouth
- GU: difficult urination, discolored urine, increased libido
- HEM: hemolytic anemia, leucopenia, plastic anemia
- MISC: tardive dyskinesia
- NEURO: anxiety, confusion, hallucinations, nervousness, nightmares, depression, mood changes, increased aggressiveness, involuntary movements
- PUL: cough, dyspnea
COMT inhibitors pharmacokinetics
page 259
COMT inhibitors dosages
page 259
COMT inhibitors adverse reactions
- CV: orthostatic hypotension, syncope
- DERM: alopecia, rash
- EENT: cataracts, tinnitus
- GI: nausea, anorexia, diarrhea, gas, tooth disorders, transaminase increases
- MS: rhabdomyolysis, muscle cramps
- NEURO: sleep disorders, excessive dreaming, dizziness, headache, confusion, dyskinesia, dystonia, NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME
- PUL: URI’s
seleginine pharmacokinetics
page 260
selegiinine dosages
page 260
selegiline adverse reactions
- CNS: agitation, COMA, confusion, dizziness, delerium, fainting, hallucinations, insomnia, vivid dreams
- GI: nausea, dry mouth, abdominal pain
acetylcholinesterase inhibitors pharmacokinetics
page 262
acetylcholinesterase inhibitors dosing
page 263
acetylcholinesterase inhibitors adverse reactions
- CV: bradycardia, HTN
- DERM: red scaly itching skin, bruising
- EENT: miosis, increased tears
- GI: increased secretion, abdominal cramps, N/V, diarrhea, anorexia, weight loss HEPATOTOXIXITY with tacrine requiring routine testing of ALT
- GU: urinary frequency
- MS: muscle aches/cramps, joint pain
- NEURO: abnormal dreams, dizziness, headache, nervousness, confusion, change in behavior
- PUL: excessive lung secretions, bronchospasm, cough
namenda pharmacokinetics
page 264
namenda dosage
page 264
Namenda adverse reactions
- CV: HTN, cardiac failure, HEART BLOCK
- DERM: rash, STEVEN_JOHNSON SYNDROME
- EENT: cataracts, conjunctivitis
- GI: constipation, vomiting, LIVER FAILURE
- GU: urinary frequency
- MISC: fatigue, pain
- MS: back pain
- NEURO: confusion, somnolence, hallucinations, dizziness, TARDIVE DYSKINESIA
- PULM: cough, dyspnea
MS drugs
page 265
drugs to treat peripheral neuropathies
page 265-266