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AB 4th Year Medical Specialties > Neuro - Headaches > Flashcards

Neuro - Headaches Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

risk factors for idiopathic intracranial HT?

A 
female
obesity
wt gain 
FHx
child bearing age
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2
Q

what happens in idiopathic intracranial HT?

A

CSF absorption is impaired

ICP rises

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3
Q

features of idiopathic intracranial HT?

A 
visual field loss
diplopia
RAPD
headache
photophobia
retrobulbar pain 
tinnitus
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4
Q

Ix for idiopathic intracranial HT? what is seen?

A

opthalmoscopy (papilloedema)
MRI
LP

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5
Q

Tx for idiopathic intracranial HT?

A

wt loss
acetazolamide (carbonic anydrase inhibitor)
analgesia

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6
Q

features of a tension headache?

A 
bilateral
tight band around head
non pulsatile
scalp tenderness
associated with stress
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7
Q

what are the headache red flags?

A 
severe/new onset
persistant 
new neuro deficit 
visual changes
trauma
worsened by valsalva/lying down/standing
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8
Q

what are risk factors for migraine?

A 
Chocolate
Hangovers
Orgasms
Cheese
OCP
Lie ins
Alcohol
Tumult
Exercise
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9
Q

what is aura?

A

fully reversible visual, sensory, motor or language symptom

lasting for 20-60 mins

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10
Q

features of migraine?

A 
aura
headache
allodynia
N+V
photo/phono phobia
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11
Q

who gets migraine prophylaxis?

A

> 2 per month

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12
Q

Tx for chronic migraine?

A

topiramate (teratogenic)
propranolol
acupuncture

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13
Q

Tx for acute migraine?

A

triptan + NSAID/paracetamol

nasal triptan in 12-17yrs

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14
Q

who is at higher risk of cluster headaches?

A 
young
males
FHx
smoking 
alcohol
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15
Q

features of cluster headaches?

A 
pain in CNV
ipsilateral 
rhinorrhea
excruciating 
15mins - hour
pattern of attacks in clusters
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16
Q

Tx for acute cluster headaches?

A

subcut sumatriptan + oxygen

if CVD -> intranasal lidocaine instead

17
Q

Tx for chronic cluster headaches?

A

verapamil

18
Q

features of trigeminal neuralgia?

A 
CNV pattern
ache
burn
shooting
triggered by touch
lasts 1-90secs
19
Q

risk factors for trigeminal neuralgia?

A 
old
MS
female
surgery to CNV
trauma
HZV
20
Q

causes of trigeminal neuralgia?

A

MS
trauma
post HZV
compression

21
Q

Tx for trigeminal neuralgia?

A

carbamazepine
topiramate
lamotrigine

baclofen
surgery

AB 4th Year Medical Specialties (9 decks)

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