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AB 4th Year Medical Specialties > Neuro - Epilepsy > Flashcards

Neuro - Epilepsy Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

what types of focal seizure exist?

A

aware
impaired aware
motor onset
non motor onset

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2
Q

what features can be present in temporal lobe focal seizures?

A

automatisms
emotional disturbance
delusions
dejavu

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3
Q

what features can be present in frontal lobe focal seizures?

A

motor features
head/leg movements
posturing
behavioural changes

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4
Q

what features can be present in parietal lobe focal seizures?

A

sensory features

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5
Q

what features can be present in occipital lobe focal seizures?

A

visual changes

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6
Q

Ix for seizures?

A 
BM
FBC, LFTs, U+Es
ECG
toxicology
LP
Ct head
MRI FLAIR
EEG
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7
Q

Tx for focal seizures?

A

carbemazepine

lamotrigine

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8
Q

mechanism and side effects of carbemazepine?

A

binds to Na channels and increases refractory period

diplopia
blurred vision
drowsy
rash

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9
Q

mechanism and side effects of lamotrigine?

A

Na channel blocker

SJS
blurred vision
aplastic anaemia
tremor

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10
Q

driving rules for 1st seizure?

A

6 months for car

5 years for HGV

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11
Q

driving rules for epilepsy?

A

1yr for car
3months if seizures while sleeping
10 years OFF MEDS for HGV

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12
Q

what is status epilepticus?

A

≥5mins of seizures with no regain of consciousness

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13
Q

Tx for status epilepticus?

A

CALL ANAESTHETIST

diazepam 10-20mg PR
midazolam 10mg buccal
lorazepam 0.1mg/kg IV

repeat after 10 mins

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14
Q

types of motor generalised seizures?

A 
tonic clonic
tonic
clonic
myoclonic
atonic
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15
Q

types of non motor generalised seizures?

A

absense

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16
Q

Tx for generalised tonic clonic motor seizures?

A

sodium valp
lamotrigine
carbemaz

17
Q

Tx for generalised absence seizures?

A

sodium valp

ethosuximide

18
Q

Tx for myoclonic seizures?

A

sodium valp

lamotrigine

19
Q

mechanism and side effects of sodium valproate?

A

increases GABA

wt gain
alopecia
ataxia
tremor
teratogenic (NT defects)
hepatitis/pancreatitis
20
Q

Ix for status epilepticus?

A 
BM
ABG
FBC, U+Es, LFTs, Ca and Mg, clotting 
urinalysis
ECG
toxicology
blood culture

AB 4th Year Medical Specialties (9 decks)

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