Infectious Diseases Flashcards
what colour is gram positive? why?
PURPLE
retains colour due to peptidoglycan wall
what abx gives positive cover?
vancomycin
what abx cover strep/staph?
penicillins
macrolides (erythro/clarithro)
what types of strep bacteria exist?
alpha (partial)
beta (complete)
no haemolysis
what is the difference between strep and staph under the microscope?
strep in STRIPS
staph in clusters
what types of staph exist?
coag +ve (staph au)
coag -ve (staph epi)
what other aerobic gram positive bacteria exist? (not staph/strep)
listeria
bacillus cerus
diptheria
what are anaerobic gram positive bacteria?
C diff
tetani
perfringens
what abx covers anaerobic?
metronidazole
what colour is gram negative?
PINK
what are the strict aerobic gram negative bacteria?
legionella
pseudomonas
(pneumonias)
what are the gram negative aerobic diplococci?
neisseria gonorrhoea
meningiditis
what are the gram negative aerobic bacillus? Tx?
bordatella pertussis (whoop) haem influenza (pneumonia/COPD)
LUNG THINGS
macrolides
what are the gram negative coliform commensals?
e coli
klebsiella
proteus
what are the gram negative coliform pathogens?
salmonella
shigella
e coli
what does gentamicin cover?
gram negative
what are the microaerophillic gram negative bacteria?
cambylobacter
helicobacter
what is sepsis?
life threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection
what scoring is used to determine sepsis? what are the ranges?
SOFA
BP <00
RR >22
GCS <15
what can be used to determine if someone has septic shock?
refractory hypotension
> 2 lactate
what urine output is concerning?
<0.5ml/kg/hour
what gram negative bacteria commonly cause sepsis?
pseudomonas
e coli
what gram positive bacteria commonly cause sepsis?
staph aureus
strep pneumoniae
what is the sepsis 6?
B blood culture, FBC, coag, ABG, U+Es, glucose, LFTs U UO F 0.9% saline bolus A ABx L lactate O oxygen
what Abx is given for sepsis? what is each covering?
amox (gram positives)
met (anaerobes)
gent (gram negative)
what is giardia? Tx?
parasite infection
metronidazole
features of cholera?
rice water diarrhoea
dehydrated
what can amoebic infection cause?
bloody diarrhoea
liver abscess
what bacteria causes typhoid?
salmonella
features of typhoid?
headache fever athralgia constipation rose spots
what causes malaria?
plasmodium protozoa (spread by mosquitos)
most common type of malaria?
falciparum
features of malaria?
headache splenomegaly hypos acidosis fever anaemia seizures renal failure ARDS
