neuro endocrine system structure and function Flashcards
neuroendocrine functions
detecting changes inside and outside body, relay sensory information to CNS, interprets sensory information and coordinating responses, relaying signals to effectors, prodcues movement, regulates homeostasis
divisions of NS
CNS- brain and SC, peripheral- all other nerves
structure of neuron
cell body which sustains metabolic activity and contains nucleus, axons wrapped in mylein sheath that transmits info away from cell body, dendrites transfer ifno to cell body
cerebrum
sensory perception, initiation and control of voluntary muscle contraction
conscious though problem solving, communication
cerebellum
coordination of movement, proprioception, posture, balance
diencephalon
located between midbrain and cerebrum, contains thalamus, hypothalamus and pineal glans
linked to nervous and endocrine responses
brain stem
entry point of SC to brain
connects densely to corpus callosum between the two cerebral hemispheres
plexus (BUNDLE OF NERVES)
cervical, lumbar, brachial, sacral, coccygeal
PNS
comprises a network of nerves which orginate from the brain (cranial nerves) or spinal cord (spinal nerves)
sensory nerves- carry message to CNS
motor nerves (efferent)- carry messages from CNS
somatic and autonomic NS
S- skeletal muscle contraction ,visual focusing, controls voluntary actions
A- vasoconstriction and vasodilation, smooth muscle contractions, heart rate, controls involuntary actions
autonomic NS
sympathetic (fight or flight), parasympathetic (rest and digest)
endocrine system structure
slow speed regulator of the body, utilising chemical messengers, hormones, to communicate instructions to the cells of the body
they are produced in specialised organs (endocrine glands)- hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, pancreas, testes, ovaries
target cell response
to ensure the effect of any hormones will be specific to particularly cells there are specific receptors on cell membranes that function similarly to that of a lock and key
