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Neuropsyciatry > Neuro conditions > Flashcards

Neuro conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Benign Essential Tremor

  • symetrical or asymmetrical? onset?
  • worse when?
  • improved with?
  • Absent in?
  • Management
A

is an autosomal dominant condition which usually affects both upper limbs >>fine tremor affecting all the voluntary muscles.

It is most notable in the HANDS but affects many other areas, for example causing a head tremor, jaw tremor and vocal tremor.

Features

  • Fine GRADUAL tremor
  • Symmetrical
  • NON resting tremor
  • Worse when tired, stressed or after caffeine
  • Improved by alcohol> da faq?
  • Absent during sleep

Managment

  • Propranolol (a non-selective beta blocker)
  • Primidone (a barbiturate anti-epileptic medication)
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2
Q

Causes of Tremors

A
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3
Q

Multiple sclerosis

pathophysiology, epidemiology, causes

A

Chronic cell mediated type four hypersensitivity characterized by demyelination of CNS

cx

  • EBV
  • low vitamen D
  • smoking
  • obesity
  • genetic HLADR2

epidem

  • more common in women
  • age 20-40 yrs
  • More common in higher latitudes
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4
Q

Multiple sclerosis

pathophys, symtoms and signs

A
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5
Q

Six MS eponyms

A
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6
Q

What investigation do u want to carry out and why?

(b4 referring to a neurologist and after)

A
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7
Q

MS & pregnancy

A
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8
Q

Managment of MS (3 appraches)

A
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9
Q

Parkinsons disease

triad, pathophys, presentation, non motor symp, diagnosis, staging

A

POSTURAL HYPOTENSION

due to failure of the ANS to regulate BP due to an inadequate release of NE, leading to orthostatic hypotension

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10
Q

Parkinsons D.

  • Tx and SE,
  • what will influence ur drug of choice?
  • how is levadopa given?
  • parkinsonism DDx
  • give 3 abnormal movement assoc withw/ excessive motor activity
  • Role of antimuscuranics?
A

first-line treatment:

  1. if the motor symptoms are affecting the patient’s quality of life: levodopa
  2. if the motor symptoms are not affecting the patient’s quality of life: dopamine agonist (non-ergot derived), levodopa or monoamine oxidase B (MAO‑B) inhibitor

​​help tremor and rigidity NOT BRADYKINESA

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11
Q

if the medication is not taken/absorbed, what risk does that put on the ptx?

Impulse control disorders r more common in which medication?

A

acute akinesia or neuroleptic malignant syndrome

DOPAMINE AGONIST THERAPY

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12
Q

Name 7 side effects of Levadopa

why is it important NOT to acutely stop levodopa?

A
  • Dyskinesia (involuntary writhing move), ‘on-off’ effect
  • Dry mouth
  • Drowsiness

AAnorexia

  • Palpitation
  • Postural hypotension
  • Psychosis

Can result in dystonia

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13
Q

Parkinsoniam plus syndromes

A
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14
Q

Gullian-barre syndrome

Pathophy, 3 common pathogens, presentation, clinical course, Ix(2), mx, prognosis

A
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15
Q

Motor neuron disease

types

Diagnosis

A

Conifrmed by EMG >> decreased number of AP

Nerve conduction studies>> NORMAL motor function

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16
Q

Qs to ask in history for MND

A
17
Q

MND

symptoms and sign

A
18
Q

MND

Mx

A

No cure

RILUZOLE >> glutamate inhib , slows down progression

  • support ptx and their family
  • breaking bad knews
  • MDT
  • palliative shit (ACP)
  • BIPAP
19
Q

Subarachnoid hemmorhage

Symp

rfx

epidem

assoc condition

Ix (3)

mx

complic (4)

A
20
Q

Difference in WEAKNESS with myasthena gravis vc Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome

A
21
Q

2 main symptoms in LEMS

A
22
Q

Myasthenia Gravis

define, ix (2), symp, signs

A
23
Q

myasthenia gravis

examination

A
24
Q

Myasthenia gravis

treatment

A
25
Q

Myastheics crisis

tx

A
26
Q

Give four non pharamacological approaches for parkinsons

A
  1. MDT approach: neurologist, physiotherapist, occupational therapist, specialist nurse, GP, speech and language therapist
  2. Supervised exercise
  3. Home modifications
  4. Consider associated conditions: dementia, depression, psychosis, sleep disturbance

Neuropsyciatry (21 decks)

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