Neuro

Question 1

treatment for muscular dystrophy

Answer 1

steroids slow muscle degeneration and anticonvulsants control seizures

Question 2

causes of cerebral palsy

Answer 2

maternal infection- associated with MCV and rubella
foetal infection-neonatal meningitis
birth ischaemia- asphyxia during birth or trauma

Question 3

spastic type of CP

Answer 3

upper motor neuron damage presents with muscle stiffness, hypertonia and hyperreflexia

Question 4

dyskinetic type of CP

Answer 4

basal ganglia presents with involuntary movements

Question 5

ataxic CP

Answer 5

damage to cerebellum and presents with uncoordinated movements and poor balance

Question 6

what is wests syndrome

Answer 6

rare form of epilepsy
malfunction of GABA transmission

Question 7

symptoms of wests syndrome

Answer 7

triad of muscle attacks- rapid flexion of head, trunk and limbs

Question 8

treatment of wests syndrome

Answer 8

hormonal therapy such as steroids of ACTH, vigabatrin

Question 9

what are febrile convulsions

Answer 9

seizure associated with fever greater than 38 degrees
brief tonic-clonic seizures lasting less than 5 mins provoked by a viral infection