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AA ST2 > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

most common tumour to haemorrhage

A

Glioblastoma

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2
Q

Most common Extra axial tumour

A

Meningioma

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3
Q

Most common intra axial tumour

A

Glioma

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4
Q

Communiciating hydrocephalus is caused by

A

Leptomeningeal mets

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5
Q

Describe some classic tumour mimics

A

abscess
subacute infarcts
tumefactive demyelination
aneurysm
degenerative cystic lesions

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6
Q

a single lesion on its own could be….

A

primary or if over 50 years old think solitary met

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7
Q

Mutliple lesions in brain think

A

mets but could be a primary eg muti glioblastoma

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8
Q

How to know if a mass is intra or extra axial

A

Extra axial
- cleft of CST
- grey matter seperating the mass from white matter.

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9
Q

CPA tumour

A

schwannoma
meningioma
epidermoid cyst

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10
Q

Pineal tregion

A

germ cell
pineal parenchymal tumours

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11
Q

Butterfly lesion

A

glioblastoma (GBM)
lymphoma

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12
Q

Corticol based lesion

A

PXA
DNET
Oligodendroglioma
ganglioma

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13
Q

Central skull base

A

chordona
chondrosarcoma

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14
Q

suprasellar

adults vs paeds

A

adult
- pituitary adenoma

paeds
- craniopharyngioma

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15
Q

Post fossa

adults vs paeds

A

aduylts
- haemangioblastoma

paeds
- pilocytic astrocytoma
meulloblastoma
ependymoma

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16
Q

intraventricular

adults vs paeds

A

adult
- meningioma

paeds
- choroid plexus papilloma

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17
Q

Monra

adult vs paeds

A

adult
- colloid cyst

paeds
- suependymal giant cell astrocytoma

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18
Q

if the lesion is T1 bright what does that result in

A

there is
fat, haemorrhage, melanin or protein present

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19
Q

if T2 dark, means

A

high cellularity, haemorrhage, calc, protein

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20
Q

if the lesion contrast enhances then

A

extra axial

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21
Q

Types of tumour with fat in it

A

lipoma
dermoid cyst
teratoma

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22
Q

extra axial lesion with calc….

A

meningioma / craniopharyngioma

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23
Q

intra axial lesion with calc…

A

astrocytoma / Oligodendroglioma

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24
Q

most haemorrhagic tumours are malignant except for

A

pituitary macroadenoma

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25
Q

hypercellularity tumours will have what on MRI

A

restrict and low T2

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26
Q

examples of high cellularity tumours

A

lymphoma
medulloblastoma
germinoma

some gliomas

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27
Q

Cystic tumour in the supratentorial with a mural nodule

A

ganglioglioma
PXA

28
Q

cystic tumour in the intratentorial with an enhancing nodule

A

Pilocystic atrocytoma
haemangioblastoma

29
Q

Cystic lesion in the sellar region

A

pituitary adneoma
craniopharyngioma
Rathke cleft cyst

30
Q

what are the types of glial cells

A

Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Ependymal cells
Choroid plexus cells

31
Q

if glioblastoma is in 3 lobes called

A

Gliamatosis cerebri

32
Q

features of Oligodendroglioma

A

poorly circumscribed
T2 brigh
calc
expansive
frontal temporal

33
Q

Where is oligodendroglioma found

A

supratentorial

frontal temporal lobes

34
Q

List some supratentorial cortical tumours

note these are rare

A

P DOG MD

PXA
DNET
Oligodendrogliomas
Gangliogliomas

MVNT
DIA/DIG

35
Q

feature of PXA

A

pial tail

36
Q

DNET is

A

bubbly

37
Q

Posterior fossa intra axial tumour

the mnemonic is

A

BEAM in kids

Brainstem glioma
Ependymoma
Astrocytoma
medullblastoma

Adults
mets
Haemagnioblastoma

38
Q

Of BEAM which is expansive mass, solid

A

Diffuse midline glioma

39
Q

JPA in optic think

A

NF1

40
Q

Toothpaste lesion

A

Ependymoma

41
Q

Subependymoma affect

A

middle to older age

42
Q

Subependyomoma found in

A

walls of the ventricles

43
Q

Features of medulloblastoma

A

hyperattneuating on plain scan
effaces the 4th ventricle

44
Q

most common paeds tumour

A

medulloblastoma

45
Q

Turcot
Li Fraumani
Gorlic

ax with

A

medullblastoma

46
Q

mri medulloblastoma

A

low T2
low adc

47
Q

most common cause of drop mets

A

medulloblastoma

48
Q

what are the causes of spontaenous intracerebral haemorrhage

A
49
Q

supratentorial brian is split into which two areas for intracranial haemorrhage

A

lobar

deep.

50
Q

Classic CT mimics of ICH

A

basal ganglia clacification
hyperdesne cysts

subacute blood is isointense to brain parenchyma.

51
Q

How does MRI distinguish calcium and haemorrhage

A

SWI - both low.
Opposite signal on filtered phase map.
(if haemorrhage look to same intenstiy as sinus or choroid plexus for calcifiatinon)

blood- paragmagnetic.
calc - diamagnetic.

52
Q

Primary ICH in deep brain due to

A

hypertensive
age
risk factors -

53
Q

types of small vessel disaese causing lobar haemorrhage

A

cerebral amyloid angiopathy

arteriosclerosis

54
Q

why differentiate between CAA and arteriosclerosis

A

post stroke dementia and risk of repaet bleed in CAA

55
Q

how to categorise CAA

A

Modified Boston criteria

56
Q

Probable CAA is considreed as

A

> 55 years
multiple lobar haemorrhagic foci
Absence of other causes

57
Q

Possibel CAA

A

> 55 years
single lobar haemorrhagic foic
asbence of other causes

58
Q

subarachnoid and finger like haemorrhage projections should make you think

A

amyloid angiopathy

59
Q

examples of secondary cuases of ICH

A

avm
dural AVF
aneurysm

Venous sinus thrombosis

Tumour

60
Q

Secondary ICH - location

A

posterior fossa most common

61
Q

finger like haemorrhages ddx

A

venous sinus thrombosis

amyloid angiopathy

62
Q

ICH scsore - which bits are from imaging

A

SUpra vs Infratentorial

Volume (30ml).

63
Q

What are the predictors of ICH growth?

A

Anticoagualtion

Early scanning

ICH volume

64
Q

ICH what to report

A

Epicentre
volume
intraventricular? hydrocephalus?

small vessel disease
CTA spot sign

65
Q
A

AA ST2 (14 decks)

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