Neural Conduction Flashcards

Be a bad motherfucker on that action potential tip

1
Q

the diff between internal and external charge of a neuron

A

membrane potential

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2
Q

how to measure membrane potentia?

A

microelectrode

One tip inside and other in the extracelluar fluid

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3
Q

inside charge of neuron is

A

-70mV

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4
Q

Na+ is

A

Sodium

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5
Q

Potassium is

A

K+

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6
Q

At rest there is are more ___outside and more ___ inside

A

Na+

K+

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7
Q

what creates pressure for Na+ to enter a neuron?

A

the electrostatic pressure from the Resting Membrane Potential due opposite charges attracting

AND

random motion

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8
Q

What is the function of the sodium/potassium pump?

A

Maintains membrane potential

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9
Q

what is the ratio of action for the Sodium Potassium pump?

A

3 Na+ out

2 K+ In

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10
Q

input from another cells results in

A

Post-synaptic potentials

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11
Q

What are the two possible effects when NTs bind to Post-syn-receptors?

A

Depolarize (excitatory PSP)

Hyperpolarize (inhibitory PSP)

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12
Q

all post-syn-potentials are

A

graded potentials

Amplitudes are proportional to the signals that elicit them

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13
Q

what amplitude is the Threshold of Excitation?

A

about 65mV

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14
Q

Action potentials are

A

all or nothing

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15
Q

Explain Spatial summation of an EPSP or IPSP

A

two simultaneous EPSP or IPSP will produce a greater -one

simultaneous IPSP and EPSP will cancel each other out

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16
Q

Explain temporal summation of EPSP and IPSP

A

Rapid succession of IP or EP can add up to a bigger one

PSP’s can outlast and superimpose on the next one.

17
Q

Tremor at rest is a symptom of

A

Parkinson’s

18
Q

A neuron is rest is said to be

19
Q

What are the two factors that pressure Na+ ions to enter resting neurons?

A

random motion

electrostatic pressure

20
Q

at rest, neurons have more _____ outside than inside

21
Q

Rising phase of AP?

A

Na+ channels open and ions rush in

K+ channels open and K+ ions leave

Once MP is depolarized, the Na+ channels close

22
Q

Repolarization Phase of AP

A

K+ channels stay open and ions keep leaving until -70mV is achieved.

23
Q

Hyperpolarization Phase of AP

A

K+ channels stay open and the MP gets to -90mV

24
Q

how long is the refractory period of an AP and what can’t happen?

A

1-2ms

Absolute refractory
Can’t fire again

25
Relative refractory?
a neuron can fire again, but stim needs to be higher than normal.
26
Transmission in myelinated axons is
saltatory conduction
27
neurons are about ___ apart
20 nanometers
28
3 types of ion transporters
Pumps (in and out) (atp energy) Co-transporters (use energy from diffusion) Exchangers (energy from diffusion)
29
most ion channels are of two types....
Voltage (open close due to changes in polarization) Lingand (open due to binding of NT or Neuromodulator to receptor associated with the channel)
30