neural and chemical regulation of breathing(pulmonary ventilation

Question 1

what are the 2 factors involved in pulmonary ventilation(breathing) during exercise

Answer 1

neural and chemical control

Question 2

what does the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system control in terms of pulmonary ventilation

Answer 2

sympathetic increases how fast you breathe and para does the opposite and slows down breathing

Question 3

what does an increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood do in terms of stimulating the respiratory centre(located at the medulla of the brain)

Answer 3

stimulates the respiratory centre to increase respiratory rate

Question 4

how does the respiratory centre increase respiratory rate

Answer 4

by stimulating the inspiratory centre which is responsible for inspiration and expiration and the expiratory centre which inactive at rest but stimulates the expiratory muscles during exercise

Question 5

what are the expiratory and inspiratory muscles

Answer 5

expiratory- sternocleidomastiod, scalenes and pectoralis minor
inspiratory- diaphragm and other external intrecostals

Question 6

what does the inspiratory centre actually do

Answer 6

sends our nerve impulses via the phrenic nerve to the inspiratory muscles to cause them to contract, this lasts 2 seconds and the impulses stop so passive expiration occurs due to the elastic recoil of the lungs