Nervous System Terms Flashcards

1
Q

What is a neuron?

A

Nerve cell

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2
Q

What is a nerve?

A

fiber or bundle of fibers that transmits impulses of sensation to the brain or spinal cord, and impulses from these to the muscles and organs.

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3
Q

Give an example of a nerve.

A

cranial nerves

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4
Q

Generally, what are afferent nerves?

A

sensory nerves

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5
Q

What do afferent nerves do?

A

Send signals from the senses, skin, muscles and internal organs to the CNS.

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6
Q

Generally, what are efferent nerves?

A

Motor nerves

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7
Q

What do efferent nerves do?

A

Transmit commands from the CNS to the muscles, glands and organs.

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8
Q

What are spinal nerves?

A

mixed nerves that interact directly with the spinal cord to modulate motor and sensory information from the body’s periphery.

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9
Q

What are cranial nerves?

A

twelve pairs of nerves which arise directly from the brain, not from the spinal cord, and pass through separate apertures in the skull

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10
Q

What are nerve rootlets?

A

smaller neuron bundles that coalesce to form roots

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11
Q

What are nerve roots?

A

the first part of a nerve that extends directly from the central nervous system.

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12
Q

What are rami?

A

Branches of a nerve

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13
Q

What is a ganglion?

A

a structure containing a number of nerve cell bodies, typically linked by synapses, and often forming a swelling on a nerve fiber.

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14
Q

What is the function of the myelin sheath?

A

Insulation

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15
Q

What is a neuron soma?

A

cell body

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16
Q

What are dendrites?

A

Projections off a neuron soma that receive information.

17
Q

What are axons?

A

Projection off the soma of a neuron that transmits information.

18
Q
A