Head And Neck General Terms Flashcards
Define atrophy
Wasting away of body tissue or organ
Give an example of atrophy
Osteoporosis
Define hypertrophy
the enlargement of an organ or tissue from the increase in size of its cells.
Give an example of hypertrophy
Increase in size of heart due to aortic stenosis
Define pathology
the science of the causes and effects of diseases
Define trauma
A serious bodily injury
Give an example of trauma
Ballistic wound
Define pseudopathology
where what is seen on the remains mimics evidence of a pathological condition but is in fact due to other factors
Give an example of pseudopathology
Animals eating human remains
Define anastomosis
An anastomosis is a surgical connection between two structures. It usually means a connection that is created between tubular structures, such as blood vessels or loops of intestine.
Give an example of an anastomosis
Colostomy (an opening created between the bowel and the skin of the abdominal wall)
Define ablation
surgical removal of body tissue.
Give an example of ablation
Cardiac ablation is a procedure that scars tissue in your heart to block irregular electrical signals. It is used to treat heart rhythm problems
Define lesion
region in an organ or tissue which has suffered damage through injury or disease
Give an example of a lesion
Birthmarks, moles
Define shunt
a hole or a small passage that moves, or allows movement of, fluid from one part of the body to another.
Give an example of a shunt.
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
Define fossa/fossae
Depression/hollow usually in bone. Plural = fossae.
Define foramen/foramina.
Hole, opening or passage, especially in bone. Plural = formina
Give an example of a fossa.
cranial fossa
Give an example of a foramen.
infraorbital foramen
define tubercle
Small, rounded point of bone.
Give an example of a tubercle.
Dorsal tubercle of radius.
Define surface anatomy
the study of the external features of the body of an animal
Give an example of a feature of surface anatomy.
skin, hair, nails
What is the calvarium?
The bones of the skull that exclusively cover and protect the brain.
Give an example of a bone within the calvarium.
frontal, parietal, occipital
What is the cranial base?
forms the floor of the cranial cavity and separates the brain from other facial features
Give an example of a bone in the cranial base
occipital, frontal, sphenoid
