Introduction Flashcards
Outline the anatomical position.
Body standing upright and erect.
Head and eyes directed anteriorly.
Upper limbs relaxed and at side of body.
Palms directed anteriorly.
Feet ~ shoulder width apart & toes directed anteriorly.
What is the prone position?
Anatomical position placed face-down.
What is the supine position?
Anatomical position placed face-up.
What is the frontal plane?
Divides body vertically into anterior and posterior portions.
What is the coronal plane?
divides body anteriorly and posteriorly
Define the mid-sagittal plane.
Divides body into equal right and left halves.
Define the median plane.
Divides body into equal right and left halves.
Define the sagittal plane.
Parallel to mid-sagittal/median plane but divides into unequal halves.
define the axial plane.
Divides body into superior and inferior portions.
Define the transverse plane.
Divides body into superior and inferior portions.
Define superficial.
Located closer to the skin.
Give an anatomical example of a superficial structure.
The ribs are superficial to the heart.
Give an example of a deep structure.
The brain is deep to the skull.
Define deep.
Located further from the skin.
Define anterior
Located closer to the front of the body.
Give an anatomical example of an anterior structure.
In anatomical position, the palms are anterior/ventral to the back of the hand.
Define ventral
Located closer to the front of the body.
Define posterior
Located closer to the back of the body.
Define dorsal
Located closer to the back of the body.
Give an example of a posterior/dorsal structure.
The spine is posterior/dorsal to the ribs.
Define superior
Located closer to top of the head
define cranial
Located closer to top of the head
Give an anatomical example of superior/cranial
The eyes are superior/cranial to the mouth
Define inferior
located closer to the ‘tail’
Define caudal
located closer to the tail
Give an anatomical example of inferior/caudal
The feet are inferior/caudal to the tibia
Define medial
Located closer to the midline
Give an anatomical example of medial
The heart is lateral to the right ear.
Define lateral
Located further from the midline.
Give an anatomical example of lateral
The right arm is lateral to the right lung.
Define proximal
Located closer to its origin
Give an anatomical example of proximal
The proximal end of the femur joins with the pelvic bone.
Define distal
Located further from its origin
Give an anatomical example of distal
the hand is located at the distal end of the forearm
Define palmar
Palm of hand
Define plantar
Sole of foot
Define the skeletal system
Provides support and protects vital organs
Provide an example of a structure in the skeletal system
Bones, cartilage, occipital bone, hyaline cartilage
Define the muscular system
Consists of muscles that contract to move/position parts of the body.
Give an example of a structure in the muscular system.
Trapezius muscle
Define the nervous system
Controls and coordinates functions of organ systems. Consists of CNS and PNS.
Give an example of a structure in the nervous system.
Ganglia, brain, spinal cord, nerves
Define the circulatory system
Distributes fluids within the body. Consists of cardiovascular and lymphatic systems.
Define the cardiovascular system
Propels and conducts blood through the body.
Give an example of a structure in the cardiovascular system.
Heart, blood vessels