Nervous system

Question 1

1-special senses:
2-general sensory receptors:
3-visceral receptors :

Answer 1

1- sight, hearing,taste,smell
2- external temp, light, touch, pain
3- proprioception, organ function

Question 2

the …….. division governs the body’s responses to changes in homeostasis with involuntary reactions.

Answer 2

autonomic

Question 3

the ………..division is involved in conscious movement regulating skeletal cells.

Answer 3

somatic

Question 4

• flight of fight response

- nerves in the thoracic and lumbar regions of spinal cord.

Answer 4

sympathetic NS

Question 5

• relaxation, digestio, energy storage

- nerves in cranial and sacral regions of the spinal cord

Answer 5

parasympathetic NS

Question 6

functional unit of the NS ….

Answer 6

neuron

Question 7

neurons arranged bundles called…..

Answer 7

nerves

Question 8

supporting cells of nervous tissue

Answer 8

neuralgia

Question 9

PNS cells and function:

Answer 9

satellite cells : regulate oxygen,co2, nutrients, and neurotransmitter. levels around ganglia

Schwann cells: surround axons in PNS, aids in repair after injury.

Question 10

CNS cells and functions:

Answer 10

1-oligodendrocytes: surround axons in CNS
2-microglia: clean up pathogens via phagocytosis (CNS)
3- astrocytes: maintain blood barrier, regulate nutrients, form scar tissue after injury
4-ependymal cells: line ventricles and. central canal of SC , assist in CSF production.

Question 11

………. neurons detect conditions in the environment or body

Answer 11

sensory

Question 12

………. neurons carry instruction to the body

Answer 12

motor

Question 13

……….. connect sensory and motor neurons.

Answer 13

interneurons

Question 14

respond to trans membrane voltage changes

Answer 14

voltage-gated channels

Question 15

are chemically regulated channels

Answer 15

ligand-gated channels

Question 16

are chemicals used to transmit the nerve impulse from one cell to the next.

Answer 16

neurotransmitters

Question 17

are a series of three consecutive tissue coverings between the nervous tissue and the bone

Answer 17

the meninges

Question 18

• maintain uniform pressure and blood brain barrier

- made in ventricles

Answer 18

cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 19

• oldest part of the brain
• mid brain, medulla oblongata, pons
• regulate heart beat, breathing, blood pressure
• sneezing, coughing, hiccuping, swallowing

Answer 19

Brain stem

Question 20

• muscles and movement
• important in learning motor skills like riding a bike etc
• important in proprioception

Answer 20

The cerebellum

Question 21

• relay center for sensory info and motor responses
• visual and auditory reflexes
• hypothalamus :secretes hormones(pituitary gland), body temp, heart rate, blood pressure, smooth muscle contraction.
• thalamus : relay station, the limbic system (emotions)

Answer 21

The Diencephalon

Question 22

• largest portion of the brain
• learning, remembering
• four lobes: frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
• surface covered in (creases) sulci and (raised areas) gyri

Answer 22

The Cerebrum

Question 23

outer layer of cerebrum is called ……

Answer 23

cerebral cortex

Question 24

outer layer of cerebrum is composed of ……

• folded for surface area
• neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, non-myelinated axons
• sensation and voluntary movement and thoughts.

Answer 24

grey matter

Question 25

inner layer of cerebrum consists of …….

• myelinated axons covered in lipids for faster impulse transmission
• info passed between areas of the brain via tracts of white matter

Answer 25

white matter