Nervous System Flashcards
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
cranial nerves (to and from the brain), spinal nerves (to and from the spinal cord), ganglia (clusters of neuron cell bodies located outside the CNS)
Types on afferent division
Somatic sensory and visceral sensory
Types of efferent division
Somatic motor and autonomic motor
Autonomic nervous system
Involuntary nervous system. Cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands.
Somatic Motor
Voluntary nervous system. Part of the efferent nervous system. Skeletal muscle.
Somatic Sensory
Senses from the skin, fascia, skeletal muscle, joints and special senses. Part of the afferent nervous system.
Visceral Sensory
Senses from stretching or temperature change of smooth muscle like bladder and blood vessels. Part of the afferent nervous system.
Nervous tissue is made up of what?
Neurons and glial cells
Neurons
Excitable cells that initiate and transmit nerve impulses. Structural units of the nervous system.
●Neurons have a high metabolic rate.
●Neurons have extreme longevity.
●Neurons typically are non-mitotic (no cell division)
Under certain circumstances these mature into neurons
Neural stem cells
Neural stem cells are found where?
Immature progenitor cells in the hippocampus
A typical neuron has what?
A cell body, dendrites, and an axon.
Dendrites do what?
Conduct nerve impulses toward the cell body; they receive input and then transfer it to the cell body for processing. The more dendrites a neuron has, the more nerve impulses that neuron can receive from other cells.
Neurons control center
The cell body
