Nervous System

Question 1

sensory neuron

Answer 1

axon carries sensory info PNS –> CNS

Question 2

neurotransmitter of sympathetic nervous system

Answer 2

norepinephrine

Question 3

cervical ganglia innervate

Answer 3

• eye
• mucous membranes of nasal septum
• salivary glands (submandibular, sublingual, parotid)
• heart
• lung

Question 4

cardiac plexus

Answer 4

part of the autonomic nervous system that controls heart rate; includes sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers;

sympathetic = increases heart rate
parasympathetic = decreases heart rate

Question 5

facial nerve (cervical nerve VII)

Answer 5

facial → pterygopalatine ganglion →

• lacrimal gland
• submandibular gland
• sublingual gland
• mucous membrane of nasal septum

Question 6

ganglia in sympathetic nervous system

Answer 6

near spinal cord

Question 7

Parasympathetic vs. Sympathetic Response: GI activity

Answer 7

Parasympathetic: increased GI activity

Sympathetic: decreased GI activity

Question 8

nuclei in spinal cord segments of parasympathetic nervous system (S2 - S4)

Answer 8

S2-S4 → pelvic splanchnic nerves → large intestine and urinary bladder

Question 9

Paths of Fibers in sympathetic nervous system

Answer 9

Possible Paths

1. ascend then synapse
2. synapse at level of entry
3. descend then synapse
4. pass through synaptic trunk without synapsing to enter an abdominopelvic splanchnic nerve

Question 10

Division of the Nervous System

Answer 10

Question 11

glossopharyngeal nerve (cervical nerve IX)

Answer 11

glossopharyngeal → otic ganglion → parotid gland

Question 12

vagus nerve (cervical nerve X)

Answer 12

vagus →

• heart
• lung
• stomach
• spleen
• kidneys
• small intestine
• large intestine

Question 13

greater and lesser splanchnic nerves (T5-T12) lead to:

Answer 13

• stomach
• spleen
• adrenal gland
• kidney
• small intestine

Question 14

Parasympathetic vs. Sympathetic Response: Pupils

Answer 14

parasympathetic: constrict

sympathetic: dilate

Question 15

cervical nerves in parasymphathetic nervous system

Answer 15

• III - occulomotor
• VII - facial
• IX - glossopharyngeal
• X - vagus

Question 16

occulomotor nerve (cervical nerve III)

Answer 16

occulomotor → ciliary ganglion → intrinsic eye muscles (pupils, lens)

Question 17

inferior mesenteric ganglia lead to (L1-L2):

Answer 17

• large intestine
• urinary bladders

Question 18

autonomic nervous system

Answer 18

• autonomic
• self-governing
• subconscious
• divisions – sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 20

nerve divisions in sympathetic nervous system

Answer 20

• cervical ganglia
• T5 - T12 (greater and lesser splanchnic nerves)
• L1 - L2 (inferior mesenteric ganglia)

Question 21

preganglionic neurons in parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 21

• in brain stem and in lateral portion of the anterior gray horns of spinal segments S2 - S4
• cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X, part XI

Question 22

gray matter

Answer 22

neural tissue dominated by neuron cell bodies

Question 23

preganglionic neurons in sympathetic nervous system

Answer 23

• in lateral gray horns of spinal segments T1 - L2 (L3)

Question 24

white matter

Answer 24

neural tissue dominated by myelinated axons

Question 25

location of presynaptic bodies in parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 25

cranial nerve (III, VII, IX, X, part of XI)
S2-4
cranioservical division

Question 26

neurotransmitter of parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 26

acetylcholine (Ach)

Question 27

ganglia location in parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 27

in or near target organ

Question 28

ganglion

Answer 28

a structure containing a number of nerve cell bodies, typically linked by synapses, and often forming a swelling on a nerve fiber.

Question 29

motor neuron

Answer 29

axons carries motor commands CNS –> effectors

Question 30

courses taken by sympathetic nerve fibers

Answer 30

• presynaptic fibers all follow the same course until they reach the sympathetic trunks
• then follow one of the four courses to synapse