Diaphragm Flashcards
sympathetic trunk / chain of ganglia location to diaphragm
passes posterior to median arcuate ligament
superior contact
- heart
- lungs
epigastric arteries - relation to diaphragm
pass through sternocostal hiatus
vertebral costal triangle (trigone)
- gap in the diaphragm
- also called lumbocostal trigone
aortic hiatus (location, borders, structures that pass through)
Location: T12
Borders: bound anteriorly by the crura (unites right and left crus), and posteriorly by the body of the first lumbar vertebra
Structures That Pass Through:
- aorta
- thoracic duct / lymphatic vessels
- azygous vein
- hemiazgous vein
Vena Caval Foramen
Location: T8/T9 in the central tendon of diaphragm
Structures Passing Through:
- inferior vena cava
- right phrenic nerve
importance of diaphragm movement in blood circulation
- increased intra-abdominal pressure and decreased intrathoracic pressure help return venous blood to the heart
- when the diaphragm contracts, compressing the abdominal viscera, blood in the IVC is forced superiorly to the heart
Things that Go Through Diaphragm
- vertebral costal triangle (trigone)
- aortic hiatus
- aorta
- thoracic duct and lymph vessels
- azygous vein
- hemiazygous vein
- crura
- sympathetic trunk / chain of ganglia
- esophageal hiatus
- esophagus
- vagus nerve
- gastric vessels
- vena caval foramen
- inferior vena cava
- right phrenic nerve
- left phrenic nerve
- epigastric arteries
costal muscular region
origin: ribs 7-9
insertion: central tendon – (aponeurosis)
crura (tissue, function, location)
Tissue: musculotendinous
Function: anchor the diaphragm
Location:
- arise at L1-L3
- attach on either side of aorta at T12
lumbar muscular region
origin: lumbar vertebrae L1 - L3, arcuate ligament
insertion: central tendon (aponeurosis)
inferior contact
- liver
- stomachs
- spleen
- fat pad of left kidney
sternal muscular region
origin: xiphoid process
insertion: central tendon (aponeurosis)
root of aortic hiatus
arcuate ligament
Muscular Regions of Diaphragm
- sternal
- costal
- lumbar
esophageal hiatus (location, structures)
Location: T10 in the right crus of diaphragm
Structures Passing Through:
- esophagus
- vagus nerve
- gastric vessels
Diaphragm
Definition: muscle used for quiet breathing
Location: between the thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves location in relation to the vertebral spine
sympathetic: paravertebral
parasympathetic: inside the vertebral column
left phrenic nerve – relation to diaphragm
passes through muscular part of the diaphragm out to central tendon
ganglia
groups of nerve cell bodies
contraction of diaphragm
- when the diaphragm contracts, its domes are pulled inferiorly so that the convexity of the diaphragm is somewhat flattened
- as the diaphragm descends it pushed the abdominal viscera inferiorly – increases the volume of the thoracic cavity and decreases the intrathoracic pressure – air goes into the lungs
- also caused intra-abdominal cavity to decrease in volume and increase in size
