Nervous system Flashcards
1
Q
What are upper motor neurons?
A
Corticospinal (or brainstem) neurons that innervate spinal motor neurons.
2
Q
What clinical features are seen when upper motor neurons are injured?
A
Initially: muscle weakness, flaccid paralysis
Eventually: spasticity, increased tone
Abnormal plantar reflex
Hyperreflexia
3
Q
What is the physiological basis of clonus?
A
Loss of inhibition of antagonist muscles.
4
Q
List the long-term complications of spinal cord injury.
A
Ulcers Urinary tract infection Protein/ muscle degradation Hypercalcaemia Renal stones (calcium)
