Nervous System 3

Question 1

The four categories of supporting cells in the CNS

Answer 1

1. Oligodendrocytes
2. Astrocytes
3. Microglia
4. Ependymal

Question 2

Oligodendrocyte function

Answer 2

forms myelin sheath around axon in CNS

Question 3

Astrocyte function

Answer 3

helps regulate ions and neurotransmitter concentrations for nearby neurons

Question 4

Microglia function

Answer 4

phagocytic cells that defend the CNS

Question 5

Ependymal function

Answer 5

line cavities of brain and spinal fluid / help circulate cerebrospinal fluid

Question 6

PNS supporting cells

Answer 6

1. Schwann cells

2. Satellite cells

Question 7

Schwann cell function

Answer 7

form myelin sheath around axon in PNS

Question 8

Satellite cell function

Answer 8

surround neuron cell bodies within ganglia

Question 9

• Helps form the blood brain barrier
• Regulates tissue fluid composition
• Provides structural support and organization to CNS
• Replaces damages neurons
• Assists with neuronal development
• Helps regulate synaptic transmission

Answer 9

Astrocytes

Question 10

• Lines ventricles of brain and central canal of spinal cord

- Assists in production and circulation of CSF

Answer 10

Ependymal Cells

Question 11

• Defends against pathogens
• Removes debris
• Phagocytizes wastes

Answer 11

Microglial Cells

Question 12

• Myelinated and insulates CNS axons

- Allows faster nerve impulse conduction through the axon

Answer 12

Oligodendrocyte Cells

Question 13

Protects and regulates nutrients for cell bodies in ganglia

Answer 13

Satellite Cells

Question 14

• Myelinated and insulates PNS axons

- Allows for faster nerve conduction through the axon

Answer 14

Schwann Cell

[Neurolemmocyte]

Question 15

In a chemical synapse _______ are packaged in synaptic vesicles

Answer 15

neurotransmitters

Question 16

Neurotransmitters are released by _______ from the ________ cell and bind to receptors on the ________ cell

Answer 16

exocytosis
presynaptic
postsynaptic

Question 17

Acetylcholine (ACh) is what?

Answer 17

A neurotransmitter

Question 18

Synaptic vesicles contain what?

Answer 18

neurotransmitters

Question 19

Synaptic vesicles fuse with plasma membrane where?

Answer 19

at the end of the synaptic know

Question 20

After the NT diffuses across the cleft and binds to the receptor in the plasma membrane of the postsynaptic cell, what occurs?

Answer 20

Na+ enters the postsynaptic neuron

-if enough enters, an action potential occurs