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Bio 2320 > Nervous System 2 > Flashcards

Nervous System 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The autonomic system deals with the

A

‘visceral’ portion of the body [=internal organs].

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2
Q

The somatic system deals with

A

body movement [and special senses in some organizational schemes].

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3
Q

Neuroglial cells are specialized cells which

A

support and protect neurons, with some assisting in functioning.

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4
Q

A motor neuron

A

relays information away from the CNS to muscles or glands

[AKA ‘effectors’]

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5
Q

Sensory neurons have receptor regions [or are closely associated with receptor cells] that can

A

detect specific stimuli such as light energy.

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6
Q

define:
stimulus
sensation

A

stimulus:
-form of energy for which we have a receptor (light)

Sensation
-how brain translates that influence (sight)

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7
Q 
Interneurons are located (1)  
They integrate (2)
A

1) in the brain and spinal cord.

2) incoming [sensory] information and then influence other neurons in turn.

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8
Q

Synapses are (1) - either two neurons or a neuron and an effector.

A

junctions between two cells

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9
Q

Gray matter consists of

A

neuron dendrites, cell bodies, and neuroglia in the CNS.

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10
Q

White matter consists of

A

myelinated nerve tracts in the CNS.

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11
Q

A nerve is a bundle of

A

nerve fibers [axons and dendrites] and accompanying connective tissue located in the PNS.

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12
Q

What is a nerve referred to as in the CNS?

A

a tract

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13
Q

A collection of neuron cell bodies in the PNS.

A

ganglion

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14
Q

a bundle of nerve fibers [axons and dendrites] and accompanying connective tissue located in the PNS.

A

a nerve nerve

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15
Q

A collection of neuron cell bodies in the CNS.

A

nucleus

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16
Q

The nervous system is divided into

A

central nervous system [CNS] and peripheral nervous system [PNS].

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17
Q

The CNS includes

A

the brain and spinal cord, which contains nuclei and tracts.

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18
Q

The PNS consists of

A

nerves and ganglia.

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19
Q

A nerve body consists of

A

dendrites, a cell body, and an axon.

20
Q

This contains the nucleus, Nissl bodies, neurofibrils and other organelles.

A

The cell body

21
Q

Dendrites receive

A

stimuli, and the axon conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body.

22
Q

a chemical transmission goes across what to go to a dendrite

A

synapse

23
Q

the action potential moves to and through what?

A

axon

24
Q

Where does the action potential start?

A

Axon Hillock

25
Q

Where is the axon terminal?

A

Where the axon meets a dendrite of another neuron

26
Q

Structural and functional cell of the nervous system (sometimes called a nerve cell)

A

Neuron

27
Q

Nucleus and surrounding cytoplasm of a neuron (excluding its dendrites and axons)

A

Cell Body

28
Q

Microtubules that form the cytoskeleton

A

Neurotubules

29
Q

Intermediate filaments that aggregate to form bundles called neurofibrils

A

Neurofilaments

30
Q

Aggregates of neurofilaments that extend as a complex network into dendrites and axons, their tonsil strength provides support for these processes

A

Neurofibrils

31
Q

Neuron processes that conduct information to the cell body (input)

A

Dendrites

32
Q

Neuron process that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body (output)

A

Axon

33
Q

Triangular region connecting axon to cell body

A

Axon Hillock

34
Q

Side branches of an axon

A

Axon Collaterals

35
Q

Fine terminal branches of an axon or axon collateral

A

Telodendria

36
Q

Nerve is an axon in what?

A

PNS

37
Q

Tract is an axon in what?

A

CNS

38
Q

Ganglion is cell body in what?

A

PNS

39
Q

Nucleus is cell body in what?

A

CNS

40
Q

A sensory (afferent) neuron is (1)? and conducts impulses from (2)?

A

1) unipolar

2) the sensory receptors into the CNS

41
Q

A motor (efferent) neuron is (1)? and conducts impulses from (2)?

A

1) multipolar

2) the CNS to effector organs

42
Q

Interneurons are located entirely within the ?

A

CNS

43
Q

The axon is insulated by ?

A

myelin sheath

44
Q

What surrounds the axon and myelin sheath?

A

Endoneurium

45
Q

What is a bundle of nerve fibers?

A

Fascicle

46
Q

What surrounds the fascicle?

A

Perineurium

47
Q

What surrounds multiple fascicles?

A

Epineurium

Bio 2320 (28 decks)

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