nervous system

Question 1

a neuron is a

Answer 1

specialized cell w/in nervous system

Question 2

neuron is divided into 3 types

Answer 2

sensory - signal from specialized receptor to CNS

interneurons - complex pathways present in brain & spinal cord

motor - signal from CNS to muscle/gland being stmlted

Question 3

when one region of cell has a diff charge than another is called

Answer 3

polarization

Question 4

what is myelinated nerves

Answer 4

nerves w/myelin sheath (protective layer of fat & protein coats neuron)

Question 5

resting potential

Answer 5

-70mV -> -50mV

Question 6

advantage of myelinated nerves

Answer 6

transport signal much FASTER than unmyelinated nerves

Question 7

nervous system is divided into 2

Answer 7

central nervous system (CNS) - brain + spinal cord
peripheral nervous system (PNS) - nerves

Question 8

how many regions is the brain divided into, name them

Answer 8

4 regions
- cerebrum
- cerebellum
- diencephalon
- brainstem

Question 9

what does the midbrain do

Answer 9

reticular activating system
- involved in awareness & stmltes cerebrum

Question 10

what happens if the midbrain is dmged?

Answer 10

coma - prolonged state of unconsciousness

Question 11

what is the spinal cord composed of

Answer 11

white matter and gray matter

Question 12

what is white matter composed of

Answer 12

myelinated nerves

Question 13

what is gray matter composed of

Answer 13

cell bodies

Question 14

what surrounds the brain and spinal cord

Answer 14

meninges & cerebrospinal

Question 15

name the 2 nerve branches that exits the spinal cord at each vertebral segment

Answer 15

dorsal root - carries sensory nerves
ventral root - carries motor nerves

Question 16

ganglion

Answer 16

collection of nerve cell bodies outside CNS

Question 17

how to test for dmg to spinal cord

Answer 17

evaluate reflexes in leg
- depressed = dmg at lvl where spinal nerve for reflex & spinal cord meets
- exaggerated = if above lvl

Question 18

how to identify the site of problem in spinal cord

Answer 18

myelogram
- injecting dye into epidural space

Question 19

PNS is divided into 2 systems

Answer 19

sensory somatic system
autonomic nervous system

Question 20

autonomic nervous system separates into

Answer 20

sympathetic - (increases HR, dilates pupil & bronchi)
parasympathetic - opposite of sympathetic

Question 21

plexus is

Answer 21

extensive network of nerves

Question 22

body has ___ for pain, temp, light touch, vibration, pressure, and proprioception

Answer 22

receptors

Question 23

ataxia

Answer 23

uncoordinated mvt

Question 24

atrophy

Answer 24

shrinking of muscle