diseases Flashcards
brief over rqmnts of Koch’s postulates
- infectious agent = DETECTABLE in sick anmls, BUT not healthy
- possible to ISOLATE & culture
- anml introduced to organism from culture -> SAME DISEASE
- same organism should be ISOLATED from 2nd as well
arthopods may play role in ____ - known as vectors
transmitting disease
bacteria are what kind of celled organism
prokaryotic (single-celled)
- no membrane bound organelles
bacteria reproduce by
cell division
types of o2 recipents in bacteria
obligate AErobes - need o2
obligate ANAErobes - w/o o2
FACULATIVE anaerobes = both
gram staining is to
difference bacteria based on cell wall
pos = purple
neg = red/pink due to lipopolysaccharide layer
waxy substance in cell walls
myobacterium bacteria
if bacteria has slime layer or capsule
stops/hinders phagocytosis
what is a pili
small protein filament on bacterial surfaces
- facilitates cell attchmt & may transmit DNA b/t bacteria
how does plasmids tranfer genetic material
conjugation
transformation (absorbing free DNA)
transduction (virus-mediated transder)
when is endospores formed
under harsh environments to preserve nutrients and ensure survivial
how does bacteria play a curcial role in ecosystems
fiber digestion (bacteria in LI)
competing w/pathogens = prevent disease
what lacks cell walls and commonly caue resp, join, and mmal gland infections
mycoplasm
how does viruses replicated
w/host’s cell’s metabolism (RNA/DNA viruses)
cycle: atchmnt, penetration, uncoating, rplctn, assemble, release
T/F
viruses have cell walls
FALSE
they dont
T/F
retroviruses (feline leukemia virus FeLV) incorporate genetic material into host DNA -> lifelong infection
TRUE
fungi’ are ____ - lack chlorophyll & obtains ____ through absoption
eukaryotic
nutrients
how do fungi reproduce
produce spores
- w/filaments -> asexual
- w/fusion -> sexual
prions cause
transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs)
- scapie and mad cow disease
parasites are _____ & _____ arthropods
single-celled protozoa
multicellular
parasites causes ___ thorugh competing for nutrients, tissue dmg, and disease transmission
harm to host
culturing is used to
isolate and ID microorganisms causing infectious disease
what does transtracheal wash involve
catheter insertion to obtain sampels
agar is a common solid medium used for
culturing
