musculoskeletal system Flashcards
name the 5 basic functions of bone
structure
leverage
protection
mineral reserves
blood cell production
name the 3 types of bone cells & function
osteoblasts - lays down collagen matrix
osteocytes - maintains bone matrix
osteoclasts - large cells -> release minerals from bone
a fibrous joint is
a fixed join
- bones brought tgt w/connective tissue
what joint is moveable enclosed w/joint capsule
synovial joint
hinge joints
one axis mvt (ex. elbow)
a joint that is a rotation around a point
pivot joints
what joint is a mix of hinge and pivot
ellipsoid joint
2 types of skeletons
axial - head related
appendicular - limbs
vertebrae column
cervical (neck)
thoracic
lumbar (low back)
sacral (end of spine)
how is cranial drawer sign diagnosed?
tibia slides fwd when end of femur and fwd of tibia is pressed
total number of bones ____ b/w and w/in species
varies
long bone divides into
shaft (diaphysis) and ends (epiphysis)
young anml will have ____ that separates shaft & end, also known as the site of elongation
cartilage plate (growth/epiphyseal plate)
ossification is when
cartilage replaced by true bone
5 stages of density on radiology from most radiolucent to most radiopaque
air
fat
soft tissue/muscle
bones
minerals
simple fracture when
there is CLEAN break, 2 pieces
what kind of fracture has several fragments
comminuted fracture
a compound/___ fracture is when
/open
- bone end punctures through skin
what is used to repair fractures
intramedullary pin
joint ill
type of lameness - infection in joints
- common in young farm anmls
lameness
inability to properly use limb(s) due to pain/stiffness
