Nervous System Flashcards
Basically made up of Brain, Spinal
Cord, and Nerves
Nervous System
Body’s command center
Nervous System
Works by sending messages, or
electrical signals, between your brain
and all the other parts of your body.
Nervous System
The two divisions of the nervous system
Central Nervous System & Peripheral Nervous System
- Brain
- Spiral Cord
Central Nervous System
Nerves & other components of the system
Peripheral Nervous System
Controls what you think and feel, how you learn and remember, and the way you move and talk
Brain
Send motor commands from the brain to the body.
Spinal Cord
Send sensory information from
body to brain.
Spinal Cord
Coordinates reflexes.
Spinal Cord
Control the body’s vital functions such as respiration and heart rate.
Hindbrain (Rhombencephalon)
The three major parts of the hindbrain (rhombencephalon)
Medulla, Pons, and Cerebellum.
regulation functions; breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate.
Medulla
coordinating signals with this area to the rest of the brain.
Pons
balance and movement coordination.
Cerebellum
Connects the forebrain and
hindbrain.
Part of the Brainstem.
Midbrain (Mesencephalon)
Involved in alertness and the
sleep/awake cycle, motor
activity, and more.
Midbrain (Mesencephalon)
Connects the brain and
spinal cord.
Brainstem
Largest and most obvious
part of the brain.
Forebrain (Prosencephalon)
Three parts of the forebrain:
Hypothalamus, Cerebrum, Thalamus
involved with sensory and motor information.
Thalamus
has major control in the endocrine system.
Hypothalamus
functions are done depending on specific
location whether its our speech, thinking and reasoning, sensing emotions.
Cerebrum
Our forebrain is divided into two:
Right & Left hemisphere
The left and right hemisphere are joined by a bundle of fibers called the ____ that transmits
messages from one side to
each other.
Corpus Callosum
controls creativity, spatial ability, artistic, and musical skills.
Right Hemisphere
controls speech, comprehension,
arithmetic, and writing.
Left Hemisphere
part of the nervous system that lies outside your brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral Nervous System
Involves motor functions of
skeletal muscle.
Include voluntary actions
under conscious control but
also somatic reflexes that
involve skeletal muscle
Somatic Nervous System
There Peripheral Nervous System is divided into two
Somatic & Autonomic Nervous System
About going on in the internal
environment in regard to
gastrointestinal or excretory or
endocrine, or smooth and
cardiac muscle and it also
includes autonomic reflexes.
Autonomic Nervous System
Quick fight or flight response.
Sympathetic
What are the two major distinctions of the Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
can cause your heart to race and breathing rate to increase and some things to not be active, like the
digestive system.
Fight or flight response
The _____ predominates
during quiet, resting conditions.
Parasympathetic
nerve cells that send messages all over your
body to allow you to do everything from breathing to talking, eating, walking, and thinking.
Neurons
the nucleus and most other organelles are here.
Cell Body
these branched structures are where signals are
received.
Dendrites
the fiber where normally a signal will be carried away to some other cell.
Axon
the junction area where the
neuron will be communicating with
another cell.
Synapse
Help support, connect, and protect the neurons of
the central and peripheral nervous system.
Comes from a Greek word
that means “glue.”
Glial
insulates the axon and transferring of the signals.
Myelin Sheath
Some Glial cells make ____,
which goes around the axons of
neurons as something called
myelin sheath.
Myelin
Some Glial cells produce ___.
Cerebrospinal Fluid
protects the brain and essential for homeostasis, as well as many
other critical functions.
Cerebrospinal fluid
Signal transferring from one neuron to another is possible because of ____.
Neurotransmitter
When neurotransmitters are released from the synaptic vesicles the neurotransmitters only need to travel a small space between neurons _____.
Synaptic Cleft
