Nervous System

Question 1

What is homeostasis

Answer 1

The maintenance of a constant internal environment in the body, even when faced with external changes

Question 2

What are stimuli?

Answer 2

Changes in the internal or external environment

Question 3

What are receptors?

Answer 3

Cells that detect stimuli

Question 4

What do coordination centres do?

Answer 4

Organise messages that come in from receptors

Question 5

What are effectors?

Answer 5

Muscles or glands that bring about responses to the stimulus that has been detected

Question 6

What are sensory neurones?

Answer 6

The neurones that travel between the receptor and the central nervous system

Question 7

What are motor neurones?

Answer 7

The neurones that travel between the central nervous system and the effectors

Question 8

What happens when two neurones meet?

Answer 8

Electrical signal is converted to chemical signal which diffuses across the synapse between the two neurones

Question 9

What is an axon?

Answer 9

The part of a nerve cell that the electrical signal travels across to exit the cell

Question 10

What is a neurotransmitter?

Answer 10

The chemical used to diffuse across a synapse to get to another nerve cell

Question 11

What is a synapse?

Answer 11

A gap between two nerve cells which neurotransmitters diffuse across

Question 12

What are the 3 types of neurone?

Answer 12

• Sensory
• Relay
• Motor

Question 13

Name 3 different parts of a neurone?

Answer 13

• Axon
• Dendron
• Myelin sheath

Question 14

What does the myelin sheath do?

Answer 14

Speed up the transmission of an electrical impulse

Question 15

Describe the structure of the reflex arc

Answer 15

• A receptor detects a stimuli
• An electrical impulse is then passed on to a sensory neurone
• The impulse is then passed onto a relay neurone in the CNS
• The impulse is then sent along a motor neurone
• The motor neurone then makes it to the effector which carries out the response

Question 16

What is the central nervous system made up of?

Answer 16

The brain & spinal cord

Question 17

Describe the structure of the nervous system

Answer 17

• A receptor detects a stimuli
• An electrical impulse is then passed on to a sensory neurone
• The sensory neurone reaches the brain where the information is processed
• An impulse is then sent along a motor neurone
• The motor neurone then makes it to the effector which carries out the response

Question 18

What is a dendron?

Answer 18

Part of the nerve cell which the electrical impulse come in at and travels across