Health, Disease And The Development Of Medicines Flashcards
What is health?
A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being
What is a communicable disease?
A disease caused by pathogens that can be passed on
What is a non-communicable disease?
A disease caused by genetics or lifestyle, that cannot be passed on
What is a pathogen?
An organism that causes disease
What are the 4 main types of pathogen?
- Virus
- Bacteria
- Fungi
- Protist
Describe cholera including:
- Type of pathogen
- Symptoms / effects
- Means of transmission
- Bacteria
- Causes diarrhoea
- Spread through water
Describe tuberculosis including:
- Type of pathogen
- Symptoms / effects
- Means of transmission
- Bacteria
- Causes lung damage
- Airborne
Describe Chalara ash dieback including:
- Type of pathogen
- Symptoms / effects
- Means of transmission
- Fungi
- Causes leaf loss and bark lesions
- Airborne
Describe malaria including:
- Type of pathogen
- Symptoms / effects
- Means of transmission
- Protist
- Causes damage to blood and liver
- Transmitted through animal vectors
What is a disease?
A problem with a structure or process in the body that is not the result of an injury
How does the presence of one disease lead to a higher susceptibility or another disease?
One disease causes damage to the immune system making it easier for pathogens to cause disease
What are the different ways non-communicable diseases can be caused?
- Genetic disorders
- Malnutrition
- Other lifestyle choices
How do you calculate BMI?
. mass .
BMI = —————————-
. height2
What causes kwashiorkor?
Protein deficiency
What causes scurvy?
Vitamin C deficiency
What causes rickets?
Vitamin D deficiency
What causes anaemia?
Iron deficiency
What are the two different ways to check for obesity?
- Calculating BMI
- Calculating waist:hip ratio
What does BMI stand for?
Body Mass Index
What are the symptoms of rickets?
Weak bones
What are the symptoms of anaemia?
- Feeling weak
- Fainting
What causes liver diseases?
Drinking alcohol
What causes cardiovascular diseases?
Smoking
What are the different types of treatment for CVD?
- Life-long medication
- Surgical procedures
- Lifestyle changes
How does smoking cause CVD?
- Substances from the tobacco smoke damage the artery lining
- Fat builds up in the artery wall at the site of damage, making the artery narrower
- A blood clot may block the artery here or break off and block an artery in another part of the body causing a heart attack or stroke