nervous 1

Question 1

functional unit of the nervous system

Answer 1

neurons

Question 2

fast anterograde

Answer 2

transports neurosecretory material, organelles, hormones

Question 3

slow anterograde component

Answer 3

transports materials : tubulin & cytoplasmic enzymes

Question 4

fast retrograde

Answer 4

carries materials back to cell body for degradation or resuse

Question 5

neuroglial cells

Answer 5

supporting cells
half the volume of CNS
smaller than neurons

Question 6

4 types of cells in CNS

Answer 6

astrocytes, oligodentrocytes, microglia, ependymal

Question 7

2 types of cells in PNS

Answer 7

schwann, satellite

Question 8

astrocyte

Answer 8

star shaped
form blood brain barrier by covering capillaries
metabolize neurotransmitter
regulate K balance

Question 9

oligodendrocyte

Answer 9

forms myelin sheath around more than 1 axon in CNS

Question 10

microglia

Answer 10

small cells found near blood vessels, phagocytic

Question 11

ependymal cells

Answer 11

form epithelial membrane lining cerebral cavities & central canal
produce CSF

Question 12

schwann cell

Answer 12

cells circling PNS axons

produces part of the myelin sheath surrounding axon

Question 13

satellite cell

Answer 13

flat cells surrounding neuronal cell bodies

support neurons in PNS ganglia

Question 14

all or none principal

Answer 14

with stimulation, either happens at once or not at all

Question 15

continuous conduction

Answer 15

unmyelinated fibers

Question 16

saltatory conduction

Answer 16

occurs in myelinated fibers b/c nodes of ranvier

Question 17

electrical synapse

Answer 17

i.e. cardiac
ionic current spreads to next cell through gap junctions
faster, 2 way

Question 18

chemical synapse

Answer 18

slower, one way
from pre- to post-synaptic neuron
has to bind

Question 19

axodendritic

Answer 19

from axon to dendrite (most common)

Question 20

axosomatic

Answer 20

axon to cell body

Question 21

axoaxonic

Answer 21

axon to axon

Question 22

why chemical in brain?

Answer 22

post synaptic neuron can acquire more
brain can be more precise
majority
slower but more info

Question 23

temporal summation

Answer 23

effected added up

only 1 presynaptic

Question 24

spatial summation

Answer 24

more than 1 presynaptic

Question 25

EPSP

Answer 25

depolarizing post synaptic potential

opening Na

Question 26

IPSP

Answer 26

inhibitory post synaptic potential

opening Cl or K

Question 27

removal of neurotransmitter

Answer 27

diffusion
enzymatic degradation
uptake by neurons or glia cells

Question 28

diffusion

Answer 28

move down concentration gradient

Question 29

enzymatic degradation

Answer 29

acetylcholinesterase

MAO

Question 30

uptake by neurons or glia cells

Answer 30

glial cells or neurons can take it back and recycle