Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy MSK > Nerves Of Lower Limb > Flashcards

Nerves Of Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Main nerves of lumbar plexus are?

A
  • i(twice) get laid on Friday*
    1) Iliohypogastric
    2) Ilioinguinal
    3) Genetofemoral
    4) Femoral nerve *
    5) Obturator nerve *
    6) Lateral femoral cutaneous
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Main nerves of sacral plexus are ?

A

1) Superior gluteal nerve.
2) Inferior gluteal nerve
3) Pudendal nerve.
4) Sciatic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sciatic nerve which terminates in —————— into:

A

(popliteal fossa )

a. Tibial nerve.
b. Common peroneal nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

LUMBAR Plexus include L?

A

(L1, L2, L3 & L4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

LUMBAR Plexus Is a network of nerve fibers that supplies————

A

skin

and musculature of lower limb.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

LUMBAR Plexus Is located in——— region, within
the substance of ——— muscle and
anterior to————-

A

-lumbar
-psoas major
-transverse processes of
the lumbar vertebrae.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

LUMBAR Plexus Is formed by——— (divisions) of

lumbar spinal nerves L1, L2, L3 and L4.

A

anterior rami

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

LUMBAR Plexus Receives contributions from?

A

thoracic spinal

nerve T12.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

L2, L3

A

Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh function ——— innervate——

A

purely sensory
1) Anterior and lateral thigh down to level
of the knee.
2)Lower lateral quadrant of gluteal region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh Enters the thigh at——————— Divides into——-

A

-at lateral aspect of
inguinal ligament
-Divides into anterior and posterior
branches.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

INJURY OF LATERAL CUTANEOUS NERVE OF THIGH L2,3

A

Compression or inflammation

Sharp pain in the course of distribution.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

OBTURATOR NERVE:
L?
Nerve of ?

A

L2, L3, L4

medial compartment of the thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Obturator nerve after it’s formation descends through ——- and emerge from its——-then ——-

A 
Psoas major
Medial border
(Travel post. To common iliac arteries and
Laterally along pelvic wall 
Toward obturator foramen)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Obturator nerve have two devision

A

Anterior and poterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Anterior devision of obturator nerve Descends between

A

Adductor
longus and
adductor brevis (towards
femoral artery).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Obturator nerve between adductor

longus and adductor brevis supplies

A

motor fibres to
adductor longus,
adductor brevis
gracilis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In rare cases, anterior obturator nerve can supply

A

pectineus muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Anterior division of Obturator nerve can pierces———— to become
cutaneous branch of the obturator
nerve.
And function as ——

A

deep fascia

Sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Posterior division of obturator nerve passes through————— and
then travels anteriorly
to reach

A

-obturator
externus muscle
-adductor
magnus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Posterior division of obturator nerve innervates

A

obturator externus
adductor magnus
muscles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the causes of OBTURATOR NERVE INJURY

A

1) Penetrating wounds
2) Anterior dislocation of hip joint
3) during surgery involving pelvis/abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What will result from obturator nerve injury?

A

1) muscle paralyzed
2) motor loss
3) sensory loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which muscles are paralyzed in obturator nerve injury ?

A 
All adductor
muscles except
for hamstring
part of
adductor
magnus.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
obturator nerve injury *motor loss
-loss of addiction of thigh | Result in posture and gait problem
26
obturator nerve injury *sensory loss
-medial side of thigh -hip and knee joints Result in numbness and parasthesia on medial aspect of thigh
27
Obturator nerve block is used in
management of pain after lower limb surgery or for chronic hip pain.
28
Obturator nerve block procedure can be carried out under
Ultrasound
29
Obturator nerve block procedure
Anaesthetic is injected inferior to the pubic tubercle and lateral to the tendon of adductor longus muscle.
30
Largest branch of lumbar plexus
Femoral nerve
31
FEMORAL NERVE L? Nerve of which compartment of the thigh?
(L2, L3 & L4) | Anterior
32
FEMORAL NERVE arise in ——-
-abdomen
33
FEMORAL NERVE Travels inferiorly through ——- muscle of the——- abdominal wall.
psoas major posterior
34
FEMORAL NERVE Supplies branches to ————— prior to entering the thigh
iliacus and pectineus muscles
35
Femoral nerve Enters thigh behind inguinal ligament into
Femoral Triangle
36
FEMORAL NERVE anterior division | *muscular
Branches to sartouris | Branches to pectineus
37
FEMORAL NERVE anterior division | *cutaneous
Medial and intermediate cutaneous nerve of thigh
38
FEMORAL NERVE posterior division | *muscular (motor)
quadriceps femoris | And articular hip and knee joint
39
FEMORAL NERVE posterior division | *cutanous (sensory)
Saphenous nerve | -skin of Anteromedial surface of leg, medial border of foot.
40
FEMORAL NERVE travels through ————l (accompanied by the femoral artery and vein) and exits prior to the———-
adductor canal adductor hiatus.
41
Terminal cutaneous branch of femoral nerve is the
saphenous nerve.
42
Clinical Relevance of femoral nerve
Stripping of the Saphenous Vein | FEMORAL NERVE BLOCK
43
Saphenous vein is often stripped in | individuals with
problematic varicose veins | or for coronary bypass.
44
Long (Great) saphenous vein is accompanied | in its course by
saphenous nerve.
45
Damage to saphenous nerve during Stripping of the Saphenous Vein can lead to
pain, paraesthesia or complete loss of sensation the medial side of the lower leg.
46
Femoral nerve block (in combination with a sciatic nerve block) may be indicated in patients requiring
``` 1) lower limb surgery who cannot tolerate a general anaesthetic. 2) peri- and post-operative analgesia for patients with a fractured neck of femur who cannot tolerate particular analgesics. ```
47
FEMORAL NERVE INJURY | Causes
1) Complete division is rare. 2)Injured by stab or gunshot wound.
48
FEMORAL NERVE INJURY * muscles paralyzed * motor loss
* Quadriceps femoris. | * loss of knee extension
49
*sensory loss of femoral nerve injury
``` 1)On anterior and medial aspect of thigh. 2)Medial side of lower leg. 3)Medial border of foot 4)Patellar plexus 5)Hip & knee joints ```
50
lumbosacral plexopathy is a disorder affecting —— caused by
lumbar or sacral plexus of nerves. damage to the nerve bundles.
51
plexopathy is suspected if the
symptoms cannot be localized to a single nerve.
52
Patients with plexopathy may complain of
neuropathic pains, numbness or weakness and wasting of muscles.
53
The Sacral Plexus Is a network of nerve fibers that supplies
skin | and muscles of the pelvis and lower limb.
54
The Sacral Plexus | Located
posterior pelvic wall | anterior to piriformis muscle.
55
``` The Sacral Plexus Is formed by the——— rami (divisions) of • Lumbar spinal nerves———— AND • Sacral spinal nerves—|—- ```
- anterior - L4 and L5 - S1, S2, S3 and S4
56
five major peripheral nerves of the sacral plexus, Leave the pelvis via; And enter——-
via greater sciatic foramen | • these nerves enter gluteal region of the lower limb
57
five major peripheral nerves of the sacral plexus, | Remain in the pelvis innervate
pelvic muscles, organs and perineum.
58
Superior Gluteal Nerve | L?
L4, L5, S1
59
T/F | Superior gluteal nerve have no sensory function
T
60
Superior Gluteal Nerve Leaves pelvis via——————, entering————- superiorly to————-
greater sciatic foramen gluteal region piriformis muscle.
61
Superior Gluteal Nerve Runs between
gluteus medius and minimus.
62
Superior Gluteal Nerve Is accompanied by
superior gluteal artery and vein
63
Superior Gluteal Nerve * motor function 1) Gluteus minimus
in concert with gluteus medius • Abduction of the hip; preventing adduction of the hip. .Medial rotation of thigh
64
Superior Gluteal Nerve * motor function 2) Gluteus medius
* primer abductor - Anterior part (abducts, assists flexion and medial rotation of hip) - Posterior part (abducts, assists in ext and lateral rotation of hip)
65
Superior Gluteal Nerve * motor function 3) tensor fascia lata
Hip - flexion, medial rotation, abduction, | Knee - lateral rotation, Torso - stabilization
66
INJURY TO SUPERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE * muscle paralyzed * motor loss
Gluteus medius • Gluteus minimus Loss of abduction of hip
67
INJURY TO SUPERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE 1) unilateral 2) bilateral
1) unilateral shows lipping gait and gait and positive Trendelenburg's sign i.e. Drooping of pelvis on one side when ipsilateral foot is lifted off the ground. 2) Bilateral injury shows waddling gait
68
Positive Trendelenburg’s sign
``` Paralysis of the left superior gluteal nerve leads to paralysis of left gluteus medius and minimus muscle. -right unsupported side of the pelvis drops, causing the inability to the wall with the right foot. ```
69
INFERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE L? Enter gluteal region from pelvis through———- inferiorly to ———-
L5-S2 greater sciatic foramen piriformis muscle.
70
INFERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE run between
gluteus maximus and medius.
71
T/F INFERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE have no sensory function
T
72
INFERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE Muscle innervate? Function
Gluteus maximus ( extend and laterally rotate the hip joint; the upper fibers can abduct the hip whereas the lower fibers can adduct)
73
when there is radiating pain in the back of the lower limb called———-, It may be due to a ———-
Sciatica | slipped disc.
74
90% cases involve common peroneal injury due to
superficial positions
75
INJURY TO SCIATIC NERVe causes;
``` Dislocation of hip joint.. Piriformis syndrome(deep gluteal syndrome) I.V disc prolapse IM injection Penetrating wound and fracture of pelvis ```
76
INJURY TO SCIATIC NERVE Sensory deficit
sural nerve cutaneous brs of medial & lateral plantar nerves proprioception to knee, ankle & toe joints
77
INJURY TO SCIATIC NERVE Motor dysfunction? Test by?
Posterior (flexor) compartments of leg and foot test by asking patient to ‘walk on their toes’
78
Sciatic Nerve – Clinical Relevance: Intramuscular Injections Sciatic nerve passes through the——-
lower medial | quadrant.
79
• To avoid damaging the sciatic nerve and other nerves and vessels therefore, intramuscular injections are given only in the
upper lateral quadrant of the gluteal region.
80
Piriformis Syndrome | . • It is also known as deep gluteal syndrome.
compression of sciatic nerve by | piriformis muscle.
81
Clinical features of piriformis syndrome include? | And pain can occasionally be exacerbated by?
radicular pain, numbness, muscle weakness and buttock tenderness . • internal rotation of the lower limb at the hip.
82
Sciatic nerve lies on ———and | —-.
quadratus femoris adductor Magnus
83
Sleeping foot
nerve gets pressed between the femur | and the hard edge of the table, chair, or bed.
84
Posterior Femoral Cutaneous:
S1, S2, S3
85
Posterior Femoral Cutaneous ``` Leaves the pelvis via ——— entering the gluteal region——— to the piriformis muscle. • Descends deep to the ———- and runs down the back of the thigh to knee. ```
greater sciatic foramen, inferiorly gluteus maximus
86
Posterior Femoral Cutaneous: Motor Functions: • Sensory Functions:
None • Innervates skin on posterior surface of the thigh and leg. • Also innervates skin of the perineum.
87
Tibial Nerve Arises at the——-,giving off branches to muscles in the—— During its descent, it supplies?
L4-S3 apex of the popliteal fossa. superficial posterior compartment of the leg. all deep muscles of the posterior leg.
88
tibial nerve also gives rise to branches that | contribute towards?
sural nerve, which innervates | posterolateral aspect of the leg.
89
At the foot, the tibial nerve passes posteriorly and inferiorly to the———-, through a structure known as————-
medial malleolus tarsal tunnel.
90
This tunnel is covered superiorly by —————-• Within this tunnel, branches arise from tibial nerve to supply?
flexor retinaculum. cutaneous innervation to the heel
91
distal to tarsal tunnel, | tibial nerve terminates by dividing into
sensory branches, which innervate | sole of the foot.
92
tibial nerve gives off cutaneous | branches in?
the popliteal fossa
93
In the popliteal fossa, tibial nerve gives off cutaneous | branches. • These combine with branches from ————-to form the———-
common fibular nerve Sural nerve
94
Tibial nerve also supplies all the sole of the foot via three branches:
Medial calcaneal branches: Medial plantar nerve Lateral plantar nerve
95
Medial calcaneal branches: Arise within the? innervate?
tarsal tunnel, | skin over the heel.
96
Medial plantar nerve: Innervates
plantar surface of medial three and a half digits, and the associated sole area.
97
Lateral plantar nerve
Innervates plantar surface of lateral one and a half digits, and the associated sole area.
98
Tibial Nerve – Clinical Relevance: Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
``` tibial nerve is compressed within tarsal tunnel (posterior to the medial malleolus). ```
99
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome | causes, of which the main three are
* Osteoarthritis * Rheumatoid arthritis * Post-trauma ankle deformities
100
Damage to tibial nerve result in sensory loss of
* sural nerve * cutaneous brs of medial & lateral plantar nerves * knee, ankle & toe joints
101
The Common Fibular Nerve -
L4 – S2
102
Superficial fibular • Innervates ——— of the leg • Deep fibular nerves.Innervates muscles of——
``` muscles of lateral compartment dorsum of the foot (except the skin between the first and second toes) ``` anterior compartment of the leg(skin between the first and second toes.)

Anatomy MSK (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions