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Anatomy MSK > Ankle Joint > Flashcards

Ankle Joint Flashcards

1
Q

Ankle joint also known as

A

talocrural joint.

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2
Q

Ankle joint formed between 3bones

A

Fibula
Tibia
Talus

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3
Q

Ankle joint type

A

Synovial joint of hinge variety.

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4
Q

Ankle joint articulation

A

inf ends of tibia & fibula, which form a deep socket, articulate with trochlea of talus lat malleolus of fibula with lat surface of talus med malleolus of tibia with med surface of talus

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5
Q

FIBROUS CAPSULE

is attached to the articular margins of
all 3 bones (except ?

A

anterior part of
the talus where it is attached some
distance in front of the articular
margin).

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6
Q

FIBROUS CAPSULE
Attachments
*superior

A

borders of articular surfaces

of tibia & malleolus

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7
Q

FIBROUS CAPSULE
Attachments
*inferi

A

talus thickened at sides to

prevent rocking movements

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8
Q

Strong during ———-

WHY.

A 
dorsiflexion
-supported by strong lig
- crossed by tendons
- talus fills socket btw med &
lat malleoli
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9
Q

Weak during .———

WHY?

A

plantarflexion

-because the ligs are less taut

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10
Q

Ligaments on medial side

A

Med. (deltoid) lig
= post tibiotalar part → talus
= tibionavicular part → navicular*
= tibiocalcanean part → calcaneus

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11
Q

Lateral lig mention

And all of them arise from ?

A

3 parts;

  1. Ant talofibular lig = from lat malleolus to talus
  2. Calcaneofibular lig = from lat malleolus to
    calcaneus
  3. Post talofibular lig = from lat malleolus to post
    tubercle of talus

-lateral malleolus.

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12
Q 
Deltoid ligaments(medial lig.) Triangular in shape; the apex is attached to the——————
the base is attached to:
A 
-medial malleolus;
Base;
-medial tubercle of talus
-sustanticular tali 
-spring lig (plantar calcaneonavicular lig)
-tuberosity of the navicular bone
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13
Q

Posterior talofibular ligament (whose lower border

is called.

A

inferior transverse ligament)

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14
Q

Function of med(deltoid ) lig?

A
  • attach med malleolus to talus
  • strengthen ankle joint
  • hold calcaneus & navicular bone to talus
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15
Q

Function lateral lig?

A

attach lat malleolus to talus &

calcaneus

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16
Q

Nerves of ankle joint

A

1) Tibial nerve

2) deep peroneal

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17
Q

Blood supply

A

malleolar branch of

1) Fibular art
2) Ant & Post tibial

18
Q

Anterior structures

A 
Related to structures passing deep to the *extensor retinaculum
1) Tendon of tibialis anterior 
2) Extensor hallucis longus
3) Anterior tibial artery
4) Deep peroneal nerve
5) Tendon of extensor
digitorum longus and
6) Tendon of peroneus
tertius.
19
Q

Postefomedially structures

A 
related to all the structures passing
deep to flexor retinaculum,
namely:
1) Tendon of tibialis posterior
2) Tendon of flexor digitorum longus
3) Posterior tibial artery
4) Tibial nerve
4) Tendon of flexor hallucis
longus.
20
Q

Posterolaterally

A

related to structures passing deep to the peroneal retinaculum; namely:
Peroneus longus;
Peroneus brevis muscles.

21
Q

Eversion and inversion of the foot occur at———— and

A
  • subtalar joint

- mid (transverse) tarsal joints.

22
Q

Subtalar joint located

A

Between talus and calcaneus

Talocalcaneum

23
Q

Midtarsal joints

A

1) between talus and naviculum (Talocalcaneonavicular)

2) between calcaneus and cuboid (Calcaneocuboid)

24
Q

Subtalar and midtarsal joint movement and type

A

gliding and rotary(version and inversion)

*All synovial plane joints

25
Q

Sprained ankle type of injury

A

inversion injury

26
Q

Sprained ankle

damaged ligaments in—— ligaments

A

lateral

1)anterior talofibular ligaments and 2)calcaneofibular ligaments

27
Q

Pott’s fracture

A

Dislocation of the ankle occurs when the foot is forcibly everted.

28
Q

ARCHES

A

❑ Medial longitudinal arch:
❑ Lateral longitudinal arch:
❑ Transverse arch:

29
Q

BONES OF THE ARCHES

1) Medial longitudinal arch:

A 
Calcaneum, 
talus, 
navicular
bone, 
3 cuneiforms, 
medial 3 metatarsals bones.
30
Q

BONES OF THE ARCHES

2)Lateral longitudinal arch:

A

Calcaneum,
cuboid,
later 2metatarsals bones.

31
Q

BONES OF THE ARCHES

3)Transverse arch:

A

bases of metatarsal bones,
cuboid,
3 cuneiform bones

32
Q

Functions of the Arches

A
  1. Weight bearing

2. Assist in locomotion

33
Q

collapse of arches

A

flat foot

34
Q

How are the Arches of the Foot Supported?

A

1-Shape of the bones

2- Intersegmental ties which must be particularly strong on the inf surface Ligaments

3- tie beams connecting both ends of the arch
Plantar Fascia (Plantar Aponeurosis)

4- Suspension of the arch(Tendons)

35
Q

Shape of the bones

A

• Bones are wedge-shaped and interlock

36
Q

Intersegmental ties which must be particularly strong on the inf surface Ligaments –

There are three kinds of ligaments that do this:

A

A. Long Plantar Ligaments
B. Short Plantar Ligaments
C. Spring ligaments

37
Q

Long Plantar Ligaments

a. Maintain the———- arch
b. Major point of attachment is to the———bone
c. Also attach by fibers to———- and ———

A

lateral

cuboid

calcaneus and lateral 3 metatarsals

38
Q 
Short Plantar Ligaments
a. Maintain the——— arch
b. Run deep to——-
c. Attach to———— 
Called?
A

lateral

long plantar ligaments

cuboid bone and calcaneus

Plantar calcaneocuboid

39
Q

Spring ligaments

a. Support the——— arch
b. Helps medial arch———when weight is taken off the arch (i.e. returns absorbed energy to arch)
c. Attaches to——— and ——-
d. Should be called ?

A

medial

swing back to normal height

calcaneus and navicular

Plantar Calcaneal Navicular Ligament

40
Q

Plantar Fascia (Plantar Aponeurosis)

support the———arches of the foot

runs from——— →———

A

medial/longitudinal

calcaneus-

toes

41
Q

Tendons of muscles that attach in foot

Examples of tendons and muscles that RUN LONGITUDINALLY to
support medial longitudinal arch:

A

Abductor hallucis muscle: acts as a spring to support medial
longitudinal arch; attaches to calcaneus and first phalanx

Abductor digiti minimi: supports lateral arch of foot

Anatomy MSK (10 decks)

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