Hip Joint Flashcards
1
Q
The hip joint is extremely
strong, due to
A
its
reinforcement by strong
ligaments and musculature
2
Q
hip joint capsule is a
substantial contributor to
A
joint stability.
3
Q
What is the type of hip joint ?
A
Synovial, multi axial, ball and socket joint
4
Q
The acetabular labrum is —— than glenoid labrum
A
Stronger and thicker
5
Q
Glenn-numeral joint designed for - —-
A
Mobility
6
Q
Hip joint designed for —-
A
Support
7
Q
Articular surfaces of the
hip are?
A
1) acetabulum
2) head of the femur
8
Q
In the hip joint ————— covers articulated surfaces
A
Thick hyaline cartilage
9
Q
Covers head of the femur about ?
A
2/3
10
Q
Cartilage covers head of femur but not?
A
Fovea capitis
11
Q
Define fovea capitis
A
Is the site where Round ligament of the head of the femur (ligamentum teres femoris) resides
12
Q
Acetabular labrum is a
A
Fibrocartilaginous rim
13
Q
acetabular labrum:
Attaches to the ——-
A
Margins of the Acetabulum
14
Q
What is the function of acetabular labrum?
A
Increases the stability of hip joint
15
Q
Acetabular labrum Continuous with the
A
transverse ligament of
the acetabulum
16
Q
Synovial membrane of hip joint lines?
A
Capsule
17
Q
Synovial membrane is attached to the
A
margins of the articular surfaces
18
Q
Synovial membrane ensheathes ———- and covers ———-
A
Ligamentum trees
Pad of fat contained in the acetabular fossa
19
Q
Transverse acetabular ligament formed by ——————
A
acetabular labrum as
it bridges the
acetabular notch
20
Q
After acetabular labrum
bridges the
acetabular notch
A
the notch is converted into a tunnel through which blood vessels and nerves enter the hip joint
21
Q
Describe:
Ligamentum Teres Femoris
A
It is flat and triangular
22
Q
Apex of the Ligamentum Teres Femoris
A
Fovea capitis
23
Q
Base of the Ligamentum Teres Femoris
A
1)transverse acetabular
ligament and
2)margins of acetabular
notch.
24
Q
Ligamentum Teres Femoris is a
A
Intracapsular ligament (lies within the joint )
25
Ligamentum Teres Femoris ensheathed by
Synovial membrane
26
Function of Ligamentum Teres Femoris?
1)limits adduction
2)provides a pathway for a small artery branching off obturator artery, from the acetabular notch
into the femoral head
27
Fibrous capsule is thicker ————— and is thinner (loose) —————
Anterosuperiorly
| Posteroinferiorly
28
Why is the fibrous capsule thicker anterosuperiorly?
Where the predominant stresse of weight bearing (greates amount of resistance is required)
29
The fibrous capsule of hip joint consist of two types of fibers;
1) circular(internally)
| 2) longitudinal(externally)
30
Circular fibers of the capsule also called
- zona orbicularis
- annular ligament
- orbicular zone
- ring ligament
31
Zona orbicularis are most abundant
Lower and back part of the capsule
32
Circular fibers at lower and back part of the capsule form
Sling or collar around femoral neck
33
Circular fibers (zona orbicularis ) anteriorioly
1) Blend with the deep surface of iliofemoral ligament and
| 2) attach to anterior inferior iliac spine
34
Function of proximal to middle part of the articular
| capsule, including the zona orbicularis?
1) forming a locking ring around the neck of the femur.
| 2) stabilize the hip in distraction
35
Distraction position
position where the
joint surfaces have space between
them without any tearing in the
ligaments or displacement.
36
Longitudinal fibers of the capsule
| are greates in amount at ?
Upper and front part of the capsule
37
Longitudinal fibers upper and front part of capsule where they are reinforced by ?
Distinct bands / accessory ligaments
38
The most imp accessory ligaments
Iliofemoral ligament
39
accessory ligaments
- iliofemoral
- pubocapsular
- ischiocapsular
40
The external surface of the capsule is x—— and covered by ——
Rough
| Muscles
41
The external surface of the capsule is separated in front from psoas major and iliacus by ?
Iliopectineal bursa
42
Iliopectineal bursa inferiorly not communicates by
Cavity of joint
43
The margin of the cavity in the notch is ————
Deficient
44
Fibrous capsule proximally;
| ABOVE?
Margin of the acetabulum
45
Fibrous capsule proximally;
| FRONT?
Outer margin of the labrum
46
Fibrous capsule proximally connected to which ligament ?
Transverse ligament to the edge of obturator foremen
47
Fibrous capsule distally attached to ?
1) neck of the femur
| 2) in front; intertrochanteric line
48
Mention the anterior ligaments:
1) iliofemoral ligament
| 2) pubofemoral ligament
49
Mention the posterior ligaments:
Ischiofemoral ligament
50
Y-shaped ligament of Bigelow
iliofemoral ligament
51
The base of inverted Y is attached to
Anterior inferior iliac spine
52
The two limbs of the inverted Y are attached to
Upper and lower parts of intertrochanteric line of femur
53
Function of iliofemoral ligament
Prevents overextension of the joint in standing position
54
Describe pubofemoral ligament
Is triangular in shape
55
Base of pubofemoral ligament
Superior ramus of the pubis
56
Apex of pubofemoral ligament
Lower part of the intertrochanteric line
57
Function of pubofemoral ligament
Limit hip extension and abduction
58
Describe ischiofemoral ligament
Spiral shaped
59
ischiofemoral ligament is attached on
The body of ischium near superior border of the acetabular margin to greater trochanter
60
Function of ischiofemoral ligament
Limits extension of hip
61
Fibers passes upward and laterally of ischiofemoral logament blend with
Circular fibers of the capsule
62
Function of each ligament
1) iliofemoral lig
2) pubofemoral lig
3) ischiofemoral
1) prevent overextension during standing
2) limit extension and abduction
3) limit extension
63
Lig of head of femur from———- to ———
Tnvs lig to fovea capitis
64
Nerve supply to the hip (The major nerves of the lower limb)
1) femoral nerve
2) Obturator and accessory obturator nerves
3) Sciatic nerve
4) Nerve to the quadratus
femoris.
5) Superior gluteal nerve
65
Blood supply of hip joint directly or through anastomoses from branches of the ?
1) obturator
2) medial and lateral circumflex femoral
3) superior and inferior gluteal arteries
66
Branches of the lateral and medial femoral circumflex arteries called
Retinacular arteries
67
Retinacular arteries penetrate
The length of the neck and small branch from obturator artery
68
Function of Retinacular arteries
Provide blood supply to the head of the femur
69
Fracture of the neck of femur can damage ?
Retinacular arteries
70
Dislocation of the hip result in
Tear acetabular branch of the obturator artery
71
With time, the neck and head will become————
And symptoms include ———-
The patient need ———
- Necrotic
- (Pain in standing position, discomfort at the end range of motion)
- Total hip replacement
72
Trochantaric anastomosis found at
Posterior aspect of the thigh in the trochantric fossa
73
Trochantaric anastomosis provides a connection between
Internal iliac and femoral arteries
74
Trochantaric anastomosis include
1) superior gluteal artery
2) inferior gluteal artery
3) lateral femoral circumflex artery
4) medial femoral circumflex artery
75
Cruciate anastomosis found at
Posterior aspect of the thigh lies at the level of lesser trochanter
76
Cruciate anastomosis provide a connection between
Internal iliac and femoral arteries
77
Cruciate anastomosis include
1) inferior gluteal artery
2) lateral femoral circumflex artery
3) medial femoral circumflex artery
* *4)first perforating artery (branch of the profunda artery
78
)first perforating artery (ascending branch of the
profunda artery
79
Route of blood if there is a blockage between the femoral artery and external iliac artery
1) internal iliac
2) inferior gluteal artery
3) perforating branch of deep femoral artery
4) lateral circumflex femoral artery
5) descending branch of it
6) superior lateral genicular artery
7) popliteal artery
80
anteriorly muscle
iliopsoas -
| rectus femoris
81
anterolat muscles
- gluteus medius
| - gluteus minimus
82
posteriorly muscles
- piriformis
- obturator internus
- gemelli
- quadratus femoris
83
posteroinf muscles
obturator externus
84
Angle of inclination of femur formed by meeting
Axis of the shaft of the femur with
| Long axis of the femoral neck and head
85
A decreased angle is
Coax Varus
| Less than 120
86
Increased angle is
Coxa valgus
87
Coxa alga associated with
Shallow acetabular angles and femoral subluxation
