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Anatomy MSK > Hip Joint > Flashcards

Hip Joint Flashcards

1
Q

The hip joint is extremely

strong, due to

A

its
reinforcement by strong
ligaments and musculature

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2
Q

hip joint capsule is a

substantial contributor to

A

joint stability.

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3
Q

What is the type of hip joint ?

A

Synovial, multi axial, ball and socket joint

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4
Q

The acetabular labrum is —— than glenoid labrum

A

Stronger and thicker

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5
Q

Glenn-numeral joint designed for - —-

A

Mobility

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6
Q

Hip joint designed for —-

A

Support

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7
Q

Articular surfaces of the

hip are?

A

1) acetabulum

2) head of the femur

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8
Q

In the hip joint ————— covers articulated surfaces

A

Thick hyaline cartilage

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9
Q

Covers head of the femur about ?

A

2/3

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10
Q

Cartilage covers head of femur but not?

A

Fovea capitis

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11
Q

Define fovea capitis

A

Is the site where Round ligament of the head of the femur (ligamentum teres femoris) resides

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12
Q

Acetabular labrum is a

A

Fibrocartilaginous rim

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13
Q

acetabular labrum:

Attaches to the ——-

A

Margins of the Acetabulum

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14
Q

What is the function of acetabular labrum?

A

Increases the stability of hip joint

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15
Q

Acetabular labrum Continuous with the

A

transverse ligament of

the acetabulum

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16
Q

Synovial membrane of hip joint lines?

A

Capsule

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17
Q

Synovial membrane is attached to the

A

margins of the articular surfaces

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18
Q

Synovial membrane ensheathes ———- and covers ———-

A

Ligamentum trees

Pad of fat contained in the acetabular fossa

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19
Q

Transverse acetabular ligament formed by ——————

A

acetabular labrum as
it bridges the
acetabular notch

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20
Q

After acetabular labrum
bridges the
acetabular notch

A 
the notch is
converted into a
tunnel through which
blood vessels and
nerves enter the hip joint
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21
Q

Describe:

Ligamentum Teres Femoris

A

It is flat and triangular

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22
Q

Apex of the Ligamentum Teres Femoris

A

Fovea capitis

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23
Q

Base of the Ligamentum Teres Femoris

A

1)transverse acetabular
ligament and
2)margins of acetabular
notch.

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24
Q

Ligamentum Teres Femoris is a

A

Intracapsular ligament (lies within the joint )

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25
Q

Ligamentum Teres Femoris ensheathed by

A

Synovial membrane

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26
Q

Function of Ligamentum Teres Femoris?

A

1)limits adduction
2)provides a pathway for a small artery branching off obturator artery, from the acetabular notch
into the femoral head

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27
Q

Fibrous capsule is thicker ————— and is thinner (loose) —————

A

Anterosuperiorly

Posteroinferiorly

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28
Q

Why is the fibrous capsule thicker anterosuperiorly?

A

Where the predominant stresse of weight bearing (greates amount of resistance is required)

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29
Q

The fibrous capsule of hip joint consist of two types of fibers;

A

1) circular(internally)

2) longitudinal(externally)

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30
Q

Circular fibers of the capsule also called

A
  • zona orbicularis
  • annular ligament
  • orbicular zone
  • ring ligament
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31
Q

Zona orbicularis are most abundant

A

Lower and back part of the capsule

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32
Q

Circular fibers at lower and back part of the capsule form

A

Sling or collar around femoral neck

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33
Q

Circular fibers (zona orbicularis ) anteriorioly

A

1) Blend with the deep surface of iliofemoral ligament and

2) attach to anterior inferior iliac spine

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34
Q

Function of proximal to middle part of the articular

capsule, including the zona orbicularis?

A

1) forming a locking ring around the neck of the femur.

2) stabilize the hip in distraction

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35
Q

Distraction position

A

position where the
joint surfaces have space between
them without any tearing in the
ligaments or displacement.

36
Q

Longitudinal fibers of the capsule

are greates in amount at ?

A

Upper and front part of the capsule

37
Q

Longitudinal fibers upper and front part of capsule where they are reinforced by ?

A

Distinct bands / accessory ligaments

38
Q

The most imp accessory ligaments

A

Iliofemoral ligament

39
Q

accessory ligaments

A
  • iliofemoral
  • pubocapsular
  • ischiocapsular
40
Q

The external surface of the capsule is x—— and covered by ——

A

Rough

Muscles

41
Q

The external surface of the capsule is separated in front from psoas major and iliacus by ?

A

Iliopectineal bursa

42
Q

Iliopectineal bursa inferiorly not communicates by

A

Cavity of joint

43
Q

The margin of the cavity in the notch is ————

A

Deficient

44
Q

Fibrous capsule proximally;

ABOVE?

A

Margin of the acetabulum

45
Q

Fibrous capsule proximally;

FRONT?

A

Outer margin of the labrum

46
Q

Fibrous capsule proximally connected to which ligament ?

A

Transverse ligament to the edge of obturator foremen

47
Q

Fibrous capsule distally attached to ?

A

1) neck of the femur

2) in front; intertrochanteric line

48
Q

Mention the anterior ligaments:

A

1) iliofemoral ligament

2) pubofemoral ligament

49
Q

Mention the posterior ligaments:

A

Ischiofemoral ligament

50
Q

Y-shaped ligament of Bigelow

A

iliofemoral ligament

51
Q

The base of inverted Y is attached to

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine

52
Q

The two limbs of the inverted Y are attached to

A

Upper and lower parts of intertrochanteric line of femur

53
Q

Function of iliofemoral ligament

A

Prevents overextension of the joint in standing position

54
Q

Describe pubofemoral ligament

A

Is triangular in shape

55
Q

Base of pubofemoral ligament

A

Superior ramus of the pubis

56
Q

Apex of pubofemoral ligament

A

Lower part of the intertrochanteric line

57
Q

Function of pubofemoral ligament

A

Limit hip extension and abduction

58
Q

Describe ischiofemoral ligament

A

Spiral shaped

59
Q

ischiofemoral ligament is attached on

A

The body of ischium near superior border of the acetabular margin to greater trochanter

60
Q

Function of ischiofemoral ligament

A

Limits extension of hip

61
Q

Fibers passes upward and laterally of ischiofemoral logament blend with

A

Circular fibers of the capsule

62
Q

Function of each ligament

1) iliofemoral lig
2) pubofemoral lig
3) ischiofemoral

A

1) prevent overextension during standing
2) limit extension and abduction
3) limit extension

63
Q

Lig of head of femur from———- to ———

A

Tnvs lig to fovea capitis

64
Q

Nerve supply to the hip (The major nerves of the lower limb)

A

1) femoral nerve
2) Obturator and accessory obturator nerves
3) Sciatic nerve
4) Nerve to the quadratus
femoris.
5) Superior gluteal nerve

65
Q

Blood supply of hip joint directly or through anastomoses from branches of the ?

A

1) obturator
2) medial and lateral circumflex femoral
3) superior and inferior gluteal arteries

66
Q

Branches of the lateral and medial femoral circumflex arteries called

A

Retinacular arteries

67
Q

Retinacular arteries penetrate

A

The length of the neck and small branch from obturator artery

68
Q

Function of Retinacular arteries

A

Provide blood supply to the head of the femur

69
Q

Fracture of the neck of femur can damage ?

A

Retinacular arteries

70
Q

Dislocation of the hip result in

A

Tear acetabular branch of the obturator artery

71
Q

With time, the neck and head will become————
And symptoms include ———-
The patient need ———

A
  • Necrotic
  • (Pain in standing position, discomfort at the end range of motion)
  • Total hip replacement
72
Q

Trochantaric anastomosis found at

A

Posterior aspect of the thigh in the trochantric fossa

73
Q

Trochantaric anastomosis provides a connection between

A

Internal iliac and femoral arteries

74
Q

Trochantaric anastomosis include

A

1) superior gluteal artery
2) inferior gluteal artery
3) lateral femoral circumflex artery
4) medial femoral circumflex artery

75
Q

Cruciate anastomosis found at

A

Posterior aspect of the thigh lies at the level of lesser trochanter

76
Q

Cruciate anastomosis provide a connection between

A

Internal iliac and femoral arteries

77
Q

Cruciate anastomosis include

A

1) inferior gluteal artery
2) lateral femoral circumflex artery
3) medial femoral circumflex artery
* *4)first perforating artery (branch of the profunda artery

78
Q

)first perforating artery (ascending branch of the

A

profunda artery

79
Q

Route of blood if there is a blockage between the femoral artery and external iliac artery

A

1) internal iliac
2) inferior gluteal artery
3) perforating branch of deep femoral artery
4) lateral circumflex femoral artery
5) descending branch of it
6) superior lateral genicular artery
7) popliteal artery

80
Q

anteriorly muscle

A

iliopsoas -

rectus femoris

81
Q

anterolat muscles

A
  • gluteus medius

- gluteus minimus

82
Q

posteriorly muscles

A
  • piriformis
  • obturator internus
  • gemelli
  • quadratus femoris
83
Q

posteroinf muscles

A

obturator externus

84
Q

Angle of inclination of femur formed by meeting

A

Axis of the shaft of the femur with

Long axis of the femoral neck and head

85
Q

A decreased angle is

A

Coax Varus

Less than 120

86
Q

Increased angle is

A

Coxa valgus

87
Q

Coxa alga associated with

A

Shallow acetabular angles and femoral subluxation

Anatomy MSK (10 decks)

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