Nerves

Question 0

Symptoms of Bell’s Palsy

Answer 0

Facial paralysis
Smoothing of facial wrinkles
Drooling
Inability to completely close eye
Dry eye

Question 1

What is Bell’s Palsy?

Answer 1

Temporary paralysis of CN VII due to swelling of the nerve in the facial canal of the temporal bone

Question 2

What does the central nervous system consist of?

Answer 2

The brain and the spinal cord

Question 3

What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?

Answer 3

Cranial and spinal nerves

Question 4

What is CN I and where does it exit the cranial cavity?

Answer 4

The olfactory nerve

At the cribriform plate

Question 5

What is CN II and where does it exit the cranial cavity?

Answer 5

The optic nerve

Optic canal

Question 6

What is CN III and where does it exit the cranial cavity?

Answer 6

The oculomotor nerve

Superior orbital fissure

Question 7

What is CN IV and where does it exit the cranial cavity?

Answer 7

The trochlear nerve

Superior orbital fissure

Question 8

What is CN V and where does it exit the cranial cavity?

Answer 8

The trigeminal nerve
V1: superior orbital fissure
V2: foramen rotundum
V3: foramen ovale

Question 9

What is CN VI and where does it exit the cranial cavity?

Answer 9

The abducens nerve

The superior orbital fissure

Question 10

What is CN VII and where does it exit the cranial cavity?

Answer 10

Internal acoustic meatus

Question 11

What is CN VIII and where does it exit the cranial cavity?

Answer 11

Vestibulocochlear nerve

Internal acoustic meatus

Question 12

What is CN IX and where does it exit the cranial cavity?

Answer 12

Glossopharyngeal nerve

The jugular foramen

Question 13

What is CN X and where does it exit the cranial cavity?

Answer 13

The vagus nerve

Jugular foramen

Question 14

What is CN XI and where does it exit the cranial cavity?

Answer 14

The spinal accessory nerve

Jugular foramen

Question 15

What is CN XII and where does it exit the cranial cavity?

Answer 15

The hypoglossal nerve

Hypoglossal canal

Question 16

What type of fibers carry motor information away from the CNS?

Answer 16

Efferent fibers

Question 17

What type of fibers carry sensory information toward the CNS?

Answer 17

Afferent fibers

Question 18

What is the visceral efferent system also know as and what two systems is it divided into?

Answer 18

The autonomic system which is divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic systems

Question 19

What type of tissue is innervated by general somatic efferent nerve fibers?

Answer 19

Skeletal muscle

Question 20

What type of tissues are innervated by General somatic afferent nerve fibers?

Answer 20

Conscious sensation from skin

Skeletal muscle

Question 21

What type of tissue is innervated by General visceral efferent nerve fibers?

Answer 21

Smooth muscle

Glands

Question 22

What types of tissues are innervated by General visceral afferent nerve fibers?

Answer 22

Unconscious sensation from viscera and blood vessels

Question 23

What type of tissues are innervated by special afferent nerve fibers?

Answer 23

Vision
Hearing
Balance
Taste
Smell

Question 24

What types of actions does the sympathetic nervous system control?

Answer 24

Constriction of blood vessels Secretion of sweat Dilation of pupils

Question 25

What type of bodily functions does the parasympathetic system control?

Answer 25

Dilation of blood vessels Secretion of tears Secretion of mucus Constriction of pupils

Question 26

What are the special afferent CN's?

Answer 26

Olfactory | Optic vestibulocochlear

Question 27

What are the general efferent only CN's?

Answer 27

Trochlear Abducens Spinal accessory Hypoglossal

Question 28

What do lesions of general efferent nerves cause?

Answer 28

Motor deficits only

Question 29

What does injury to the cribriform plate or a congenital defect of CN 1 cause?

Answer 29

Loss of smell (anosmia)

Question 30

What ganglia do each branch of CN V suspend?

Answer 30

V1: ciliary ganglion V2: pterygopalatine ganglion V3: submandibular/otic ganglion

Question 31

What does an orbital trauma or a disruption of the optic pathway cause? (CN II)

Answer 31

Blindness, visual field anomalies

Question 32

What does an aneurism, cavernous sinus mass or thrombosis result in near CN III?

Answer 32

Dilated pupil Loss of pupil reflexes Eye is down and out Ptosis

Question 33

What happens when there is a mass near the trigeminal ganglion or around the foramen a where any of the CN V divisions pass?

Answer 33

Loss of facial sensation Loss of mm of mastication function Loss of corneal touch reflex and sneezing reflex

Question 34

What does an orbital fracture do to CN IV?

Answer 34

Unable to look inferior my when eye is adducted | Head tilt

Question 35

What happens where there is a brain or cavernous sinus lesion of CN VI?

Answer 35

Unable to abduct eye | Eye turn medially

Question 36

What happens if there is damage to branches in the parotid, a temporal bone injury or inflammation near CN VII?

Answer 36

Paralysis of facial mm Abnormal taste from ant 2/3 of tongue Dry eye

Question 37

What happens if there is a tumor at CN VIII?

Answer 37

Hearing loss | Tinnitus

Question 38

What happens if there is a penetrating neck injury or brainstem lesion at CN X?

Answer 38

Deviation of uvula to normal side Vocal cord paralysis Dysphasia

Question 39

What happens if there is a penetrating neck injury or brainstem lesion at CN IX?

Answer 39

Loss of Taste from post 1/3 of tongue and gag reflex

Question 40

What happens if there is a penetrating neck injury at CN XI?

Answer 40

Paralysis of scm and trapezius mm

Question 41

What happens if there is a penetrating neck injury at CN XII or a skull base pathology?

Answer 41

Atrophy of tongue mm and deviation towards affected side | Speech disturbance