Nephropathy and CKD

Question 1

What is diabetic nephropahty also known as?

Answer 1

Kimmelsteil - Wilson Syndrome

Nodular Glomerulosclerosis

Question 2

What happens in diabetic nephropathy?

Answer 2

Microvascular changes (angiopathy of capillaries)

Question 3

What are the consequences of diabetic nephropathy?

Answer 3

Development of hypertension
Relentless decline of in renal function
reduction in GFR of 1ml/min/month if untreated
Accelerated vascular disease

Question 4

What is tested in diabetic kidney disease?

Answer 4

Urinary albumin creatinine ratio (ACR)

Question 5

Who is screened for diabetic kidney disease?

Answer 5

All patients over 12

At diagnosis and annually

Question 6

What is a tremendously bad sign?

Answer 6

Microalbuminuria

Question 7

What is the normal albumin:creatinine ratio?

Answer 7

male =

Question 8

What measurement signifies microalbuminuria?

Answer 8

30-300mg/ml

Question 9

What measurement signifies macroalbuminuria?

Answer 9

> 300mg

Question 10

What are risk factors for nephropathy progression?

Answer 10

Hypertension
Cholesterol
Smoking
Glycaemic control
Albuminuria

Question 11

What should people with microalbu or proteinuria be put on?

Answer 11

ACEi and consider Angiotensin II antagonist therapy

Question 12

with microalbu, what should BP be maintained at?

Answer 12

130/80 (SIGN = 130/70