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Endocrinology > Neck Lumps > Flashcards

Neck Lumps Flashcards

1
Q

oropharynx

A

squamous carcinoma

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2
Q

Describe the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Bounded by the mandible superiorly
Midline medially
Anterior border of SCM laterally

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3
Q

Describe the posterior triangle of the neck

A

Posterior border SCM anteriorly
Anterior border trapezius laterally
Clavicle inferiorly

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4
Q

What are causes of superficial neck swellings?

A

Sebaceous cysts
Lipomas
Neurofibromas

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5
Q

What are causes of midline swellings?

A

Thyroid
Thyroglossal cyst
Dermoid cyst

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6
Q

What are 2 questions to ask about midline swellings?

A

Does it move on swallowing

Does it move on sticking out the tongue

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7
Q

What may be causing anterior triangle swellings?

A

Lymph nodes
Brachial cysts
Salivery glands
Carotid body tumour

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8
Q

What may be causing posterior triangle swellings?

A

Lymph nodes

Cystic hygroma

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9
Q

What should you note about neck swellings?

A 
Position
Size
Shape
Mobility
Consistency
Associated lymphadenopathy
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10
Q

What may cervical lymphadenopathy signify?

A

Infection
Malignancy
haematological - leukaemia/lymphoma

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11
Q

What are systemic symptoms of cervical lymphadenopathy?

A

fever, weight loss, sweats

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12
Q

What are specific symptoms of cervical lymphadenopathy?

A

hoarseness, cough, dyspnoea

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13
Q

What background information would be useful with suspected lymphadenopathy?

A

Recent immigrant

Recent travel abroad

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14
Q

With suspected cervical lymphadenopathy, what should you always do?

A

Look for other nodes
Look for primary sites
Look for hepatosplenomegaly

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15
Q

What investigations would be used for suspected cervical lymphadenopathy?

A

Chest X-ray
ENT opinion
Fine Needle Aspiration

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16
Q

Describe a thyroglossal cysts

A

Can arise anywhere along the thyroglossal tract
Contains lymphatics that can become infected
Moves with the tongue
Usually presents in teenage years

17
Q

Describe a dermoid cyst

A

Rare congenital cyst
Usually present in teenage years
Soft, nonfluctuant

18
Q

Describe a brachial cyst

A 
Persisting second branchial arch
Arises in upper part of ant. triangle
Usually presents in teenage years
"half filled water bottle"
FNA-cholesterol crystals
can fistulate
19
Q

Describe a cystic hygroma

A

Majority present in 1st year
Can be large and cause pressure symptoms
Lymph filled
Transilluminate

20
Q

What can cause swellings of the salivary glands?

A 
Submandibular:
Stones
Pleomorphic adenoma
Parotid:
Infective
Pleomorphic adenoma
Stone
21
Q

What investigations would be used in a thyroid swelling?

A

TSH

USS-FNA

Endocrinology (21 decks)

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