NEPHRONS

Question 1

approximately how many nephrons ?

Answer 1

1 million

Question 2

what do nephrons produce ?

Answer 2

urine

Question 3

to rid of excess water and solutes(urea, waste products) eliminated in form of urine ?

Answer 3

excretion

Question 4

movement of urea/nutrients (water, urea, glucose, amino acids,creatinine, urea) out of blood this takes place between glomerulus and bowmans capsule

Answer 4

filtration

Question 5

99% is _____ along length of tubule: reabsorbed, filtrated, secreted, excreted

Answer 5

reabsorbed

Question 6

glomerular filtrate is components of blood which has been filtered in the glomerulus what is composed of these components ?

Answer 6

water, glucose, amino acids, salts (ions), Na+, Cl-,K+, HCO3-, waste products

Question 7

what is the process of reabsorption ?

Answer 7

substances are reabsorbed that the body requires, mainly water and salts

Question 8

list 2 main places reabsorption occurs

Answer 8

proximal convulted tubule and loop of hence

Question 9

whats main purpose is to maintain the balance of water an salt

Answer 9

Kidney

Question 10

what does aldosterone help ?

Answer 10

water reabsorption

Question 11

what does ADH help ?

Answer 11

more water to be absorbed

Question 12

what does both aldosterone and ADH help ?

Answer 12

help body retain water and help with water and salt balance

Question 13

additional wastes or toxic substances (uric acid, organic acids) that may still be in bloodstream must be added to glomerulus filtrate occurs in proximal tubule and distal (actively)

Answer 13

secretion

Question 14

ascending or descending limb of hence impermeable to water ?

Answer 14

ascending limb of henle

Question 15

what to label on nephron (in order of what comes first on diagram)

Answer 15

efferent arteriole, afferent arteriole (exit), glomerulus, bowmans capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle (descending limb of hence,ascending limb of hence), distal convoluted tubule, collecting tubule

Question 16

order of processes in nephron

Answer 16

1. filtration (glomerulus filtrate is production of this)
2. proximial- reabsorption and secretion
3. descending- reabsorption
4. ascending- reabsorption
5. distal- reabsorption and secretion
6. collecting duct - reabsorption and excretion

Question 17

hormone that regulates urine production

Answer 17

antidiuretic

Question 18

process by which water is returned to the blood supply

Answer 18

reabsorption

Question 19

to maintain a constant concentration of essential metabolites (such as glucose) in blood and consequently in body tissues

Answer 19

reabsorption

Question 20

where does ADH act ?

Answer 20

collecting duct

Question 21

where does aldosterone act ?

Answer 21

loop of hence