Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Repro > Neoplastic Path of F Repro Tract > Flashcards

Neoplastic Path of F Repro Tract Flashcards

1
Q

What are the low risk types of HPV? How is their DNA characterized?

A

6, 11 (episomal viral DNA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the high risk types of HPV? How is their DNA characterized?

A

16, 18, 31, 33, 35, etc. (genomically integrated viral DNA, expression of viral oncogens)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What genes are important in development of high grade dysplasia and invasive cancer?

A

E6 and E7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of HPV has E6/E7?

A

16, 18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

gene product binds to and causes degeneration of the p53

A

E6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

gene product binds to and inactivates Rb protein

A

E7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do E6 + E7 affect epithelial cells?

A

increase life span

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

found in 70% of invasive cervical cancers

A

HPV 16, 18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Allows up-regulation of Cyclin E and p16INK4 (prolif promoters)

A

E7 (occurs via binding to + inactivating Rb)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is original squamous epithelium of cervix characterized (grossly)?

A

smooth, shiny and featureless

squamo-columnar junction separates the squamous epithelium from the villous endocervix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Application of ___ to cervix will identify CIN/SIL.

A

acetic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma

of cervix characterized (grossly)?

A

nodular, with bizarre vessels and areas of hemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is CIN1characterized?

A

Flat Condyloma with Mild Atypia/dysplasia

basal layer slightly thickened

prominent koilocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is CIN2 characterized?

A

moderate dysplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is CIN3 characterized?

A

severe dysplasia&raquo_space; carcinoma in situ

involves entire thickness of epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the Features of Koilocytotic Changes in cervical epithelium?

A 
Cytomegaly
Nucleomegaly
Perinuclear halo
Irreg nuclear mem
Stippled (coarse) chromatin
Increased mitotic activity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where do viral particles reside within cervical epithelium?

A

intermediate layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Features of Intraepithelial Dysplasia/ CIN/SIL?

A
  1. Maturation arrest (decreased or missing superficial epithelial cells)
  2. Blurred or missing distinction of basal cell layer
  3. Loss of cellular orientation, polarity
  4. Increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio
  5. Hyperchromatic epithelium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

This stain can be very helpful to differentiate between atypia associated with postmenopausal mucosal atrophy and true dysplasia:

A

Ki 67 immunostain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Histology of invasive squamous cell carcinoma demonstrates:

A

irregular tumor islands of sq cells
variable amount of keratinization
spindled cell stroma w/ inflmm cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Survival of Cervical Invasive Squamous Cancer depends on:

A

clinical stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q 
Stages Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma:
I involves...
II involves...
III involves...
IV involves...
A 
I = cervix
II = upper vagina
III = lower vagina, pelvic wall
IV = bladder, rectum, beyond
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

CIN Risk Factors:

A
  1. Early age at 1st intercourse
  2. Multiple sexual partners
  3. male partner with multiple previous sexual partners
  4. High parity, family hx, other viruses
  5. Immune status
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

precursor of cervical cancer

A

CIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Screening System for cervical cancer involves:

A

Exfoliative cytology of cervix

Bethesda nomenclature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Cervical cancer vaccine uses ____ to increase immunity.

A

Virus-like particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Survival of Endometrial Cancer is related to:

A

Stage/Grade
age
progesterone R activity
depth of endometrial invasion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What factors correlate with a better prognosis in Endometrial Cancer?

A

High levels of estrogen and progesterone R in tumor

low levels of proliferative activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Benign Tumors of the Uterine Corpus

A

leiomyoma (smooth muscle)

endometrial stromal nodule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Malignant Tumors of the Uterine Corpus

A

adenocarcinoma of endometrium (endometrioid, serous papillary)

mixed mullerian tumors

leiomyosarcoma

endometrial stromal sarcoma

31
Q

most common tumor of the female genital tract

A

Leiomyoma

32
Q

Epidemiology of leiomyoma?

A

> 30

33
Q

Histopath of leiomyoma?

A

markedly elongated smooth muscle cells
eosinophilic cytoplasm
elongated, cigar-shaped nuclei
mitotic figures absent or sparse

34
Q

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding can be caused by:

A

hormonal abnormality or can be intrinsic to the uterus

35
Q

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding can lead to:

A

severe anemia

36
Q

cause of ab uterine bleeding in baby girls?

A

Maternal estrogen

37
Q

cause of ab uterine bleeding in kids?

A

trauma or tumors

38
Q

cause of ab uterine bleeding in adolescents?

A

Hypothalamic immaturity
inadequate luteal function
psychological + nutritional problems

39
Q

Adenomyosis is:

A

presence of benign endometrial glands and stroma within the myometrium

40
Q

Endometriosis is:

A

presence of benign endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterus

41
Q

Adenomyosis, histo?

A

glands are proliferative, but can show secretory changes leading to repeated bleeding and cystic changes

42
Q

Causes of endometriosis?

A

retrograde menstrual implantation, vascular dissemination and metaplasia

43
Q

Endometriosis can cause:

A
  1. infertility
  2. fibrous adhesions or strictures impairing fallopian tube function
  3. chocolate cysts” containing old altered blood, on the ovary
44
Q

Why is ovarian cancer usually spread at time of dx?

A

Early detection is difficult

45
Q

Classification of ovarian tissue is by:

A

tissue of origin

46
Q

account for over 90% of ovarian neoplasms

A

Epithelial tumors

46
Q

account for over 90% of ovarian neoplasms

A

Epithelial tumors

47
Q

Large simple cyst, thin wall and serous fluid content

A

Benign Serous Cystadenoma

47
Q

Large simple cyst, thin wall and serous fluid content

A

Benign Serous Cystadenoma

48
Q

Histo of Serous Carcinoma of Ovary

A

Invasive cell nests forming papillary fronds; Psammoma bodies

49
Q

types of Surface Epithelial Stromal Tumors

A

Serous
Mucinous
Endometrioid
Transitional cell

50
Q

Granulosa cell tumor, gross pathology

A

tumor is mustard-yellow with areas of necrosis

51
Q

most common ovarian cancers in kids

A

Germ cell tumors

52
Q

tumor of germ cell origin that differentiates toward somatic structures

A

teratoma

53
Q

highly malignant tumor of women under the age of 30 that histologically resembles the mesenchyme of the primitive yolk sac

A

yolk sac tumor (yeah, sorry)

54
Q

Mature cystic teratoma, gross pathology

A

The cystic mass has sebaceous content, hair

55
Q

Mature Cystic Teratoma, Microscopy

A

Keratin, skin, skin appendages and subcutaneous fat tissue

56
Q

Mature Cystic Teratoma, Microscopy

A

Keratin, skin, skin appendages and subcutaneous fat tissue

57
Q

Germ cell tumors tend to be malignant in:

A

children

58
Q

types of germ cell tumors

A 
Mature cystic teratoma
Immature teratoma
Dysgerminoma
Endodermal sinus tumor (yolk sac tumor)
Mixed germ cell tumor
59
Q

Granulosa Cell Tumor: Microscopic Pathology

A

Coffee-bean shaped nuclei, nuclear grooves,

Call-Exner bodies (circular arrangement around sparsely cellular space recapitulating ovarian follicle)

60
Q

When do most granulosa cell tumors occur?

A

after menopause

61
Q

What do granulosa cell tumors secrete?

A

inhibin (+ associated w/ estrogen secretion)

62
Q

types of sex cord-stromal tumors

A

Granulosa cell
Tumors of thecoma-fibroma group
Sertoli cell
Sex cord

63
Q

Histology of benign serous cystadenoma

A

epithelium is cuboidal-low columnar, ciliated, single-celled layer

63
Q

Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma, gross pathology

A

Tan-yellow-white with papillary projections and solid areas.

63
Q

Histo of Serous Carcinoma of Ovary

A

Invasive cell nests forming papillary fronds; Psammoma bodies

63
Q

types of Surface Epithelial Stromal Tumors

A

Serous
Mucinous
Endometrioid
Transitional cell

63
Q

Granulosa cell tumor, gross pathology

A

tumor is mustard-yellow with areas of necrosis

63
Q

most common ovarian cancers in kids

A

Germ cell tumors

63
Q

tumor of germ cell origin that differentiates toward somatic structures

A

teratoma

63
Q

highly malignant tumor of women under the age of 30 that histologically resembles the mesenchyme of the primitive yolk sac

A

yolk sac tumor (yeah, sorry)

63
Q

Mature cystic teratoma, gross pathology

A

The cystic mass has sebaceous content, hair

Repro (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions