Neoplasms and Hemodynamics disorders Pg. 55 Flashcards
How to determine benign?
And in Oma, encapsulated
Exceptions: melanoma seminoma chordoma multiple myeloma
How to determine malignant?
End in carcinoma if epithelial tissue origin
sarcoma of connective tissue origin
Histological finding: anaplasia
What is the most common primary bone tumors?
“Moce”
Multiple myeloma
Osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma)
Chondrosarcoma
Ewings sarcoma
What is the definition of benign?
Slow-growing no metastasis Braley life-threatening ends in Oma
What is adenoma?
Tumor of glandular tissue- benign
What is a chondroblastoma?
Tumor that is benign, rare, in the young, destroys bone
What is enchondroma?
Most common benign tumor of the hand
What is Leiomyoma?
Benign tumor of smooth muscle
What is a medulloblastoma?
Tumor of the cerebellum
What is myxoma?
Primary tumor of the heart
What is osteoid osteoma?
Benign nocturnal pain relieved by aspirin radiolucent nidus
What is neurofibromatosis?
Benign café au lait spots, Coast of Maine and compresses nerves
What is Pheochromocytoma?
Drain on the Doula and sympathetic’s tumor, benign, “dermoid cyst”
What is a rhabdomyoma?
Benign tumor of skeletal muscle
What is a teratoma?
Benign tumor of all three germinal layers
What is osteopetrosis? Aka Alberg- Schoenberg disease
Stone bone or sandwich vertebra
Disease which makes bone abnormally dense and prone to breakage
What is osteogenesis imperfecta?
Benign bone disease that causes the blue sclera of the eye
“Brittle bone”
What is secondary hypoparathyroidism?
And exes production of PTH
“rugger jersey spine”
What is quasi-malignant?
A tumor that will be both benign and malignant in category
What tumor can be both cancer and benign “quasi-malignant”
Giant cell tumor – can be epiphyseal, lytic, has a tendency to reoccur, and occur in the knee
What is the definition of malignant?
Fast growing
Metastasis
Mostly life threatening
Ends I carcinoma or sarcoma
What is adenocarcinoma?
Common malignant tumor of the large intestine
What is chondrosarcoma?
Malignant tumor- most common in pelvis
What is Ewing sarcoma?
Malignant tumor 5-20 years old “MOCE”
What is leiomyosarcoma?
A malignant tumor of smooth muscle
What is osteosarcoma?
Sunburst periosteum reaction, MC knee or pelvis – malignant
What is rhabdomyosarcoma?
Malignant tumor of skeletal muscle and striated muscle
What is chordoma?
Malignant tumor- remnant of notochord found from sacrum or occiput
What is a glioblastoma?
Malignant tumor of astrocytes (aka astrocytoma)
What is Krunkenbergs tumor?
A carcinoma of the ovary- metastasized from GI
What is multiple myeloma?
Reversed a/g ratio on electrophoresis Has M spike Lytic Diaphyseal Bence jones proteinura
What is another name for multiple myeloma?
Plasma cell cytoma
What is renal adenocarcinoma?
Malignant tumor that may invade renal vein
Common
Associated with hematuria
What is another name for renal adenocarcinoma?
Grawitz’s
What is Seminoma?
Tumor of the testes
What is the primary cause of squamous cell carcinoma?
Cigarette smoking
What is another name for Wilms tumor?
Nephroblastoma
What is Wilms tumor?
A tumor of the kidney in children
Deny’s- Drash- affects kidneys and genitals, begins early in life
What are the main causes of hemodynamics disorders?
Elevated blood pressure and congestive heart failure
What do hyperemia, thrombosis, embolism, and infarct all have in common?
- Pulmonary congestion
2. Liver congestion (portal)
What are fatty changes or “nutmeg liver” associated with?
Cirrhosis
What are causes of hypercoagulable state?
Prolonged bed rest Immobilization MI, surgery Fractures, burns Cardiac failure Cancer Acute leukemia
What does a hypercoagulable state lead to?
Leads to thrombus then possible emboli
What is an air emboli?
Air bubbles- from surgery or trauma
What is a cerebral emboli?
A subarachnoid type from hypertension
When does a fat emboli occur?
After a fracture of long bones
What does a miliary emboli affect?
Many small blood Vessel’s
What is a paradoxical emboli?
A blockage of the systemic artery by thrombus from systemic vein passed through a defect in the interatrial or interventricular septum
