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NBS Part One- Pathology > Neoplasms and Hemodynamics disorders Pg. 55 > Flashcards

Neoplasms and Hemodynamics disorders Pg. 55 Flashcards

1
Q

How to determine benign?

A

And in Oma, encapsulated

Exceptions: melanoma seminoma chordoma multiple myeloma

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2
Q

How to determine malignant?

A

End in carcinoma if epithelial tissue origin
sarcoma of connective tissue origin
Histological finding: anaplasia

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3
Q

What is the most common primary bone tumors?

A

“Moce”

Multiple myeloma
Osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma)
Chondrosarcoma
Ewings sarcoma

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4
Q

What is the definition of benign?

A

Slow-growing no metastasis Braley life-threatening ends in Oma

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5
Q

What is adenoma?

A

Tumor of glandular tissue- benign

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6
Q

What is a chondroblastoma?

A

Tumor that is benign, rare, in the young, destroys bone

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7
Q

What is enchondroma?

A

Most common benign tumor of the hand

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8
Q

What is Leiomyoma?

A

Benign tumor of smooth muscle

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9
Q

What is a medulloblastoma?

A

Tumor of the cerebellum

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10
Q

What is myxoma?

A

Primary tumor of the heart

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11
Q

What is osteoid osteoma?

A

Benign nocturnal pain relieved by aspirin radiolucent nidus

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12
Q

What is neurofibromatosis?

A

Benign café au lait spots, Coast of Maine and compresses nerves

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13
Q

What is Pheochromocytoma?

A

Drain on the Doula and sympathetic’s tumor, benign, “dermoid cyst”

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14
Q

What is a rhabdomyoma?

A

Benign tumor of skeletal muscle

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15
Q

What is a teratoma?

A

Benign tumor of all three germinal layers

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16
Q

What is osteopetrosis? Aka Alberg- Schoenberg disease

A

Stone bone or sandwich vertebra

Disease which makes bone abnormally dense and prone to breakage

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17
Q

What is osteogenesis imperfecta?

A

Benign bone disease that causes the blue sclera of the eye

“Brittle bone”

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18
Q

What is secondary hypoparathyroidism?

A

And exes production of PTH

“rugger jersey spine”

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19
Q

What is quasi-malignant?

A

A tumor that will be both benign and malignant in category

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20
Q

What tumor can be both cancer and benign “quasi-malignant”

A

Giant cell tumor – can be epiphyseal, lytic, has a tendency to reoccur, and occur in the knee

21
Q

What is the definition of malignant?

A

Fast growing
Metastasis
Mostly life threatening
Ends I carcinoma or sarcoma

22
Q

What is adenocarcinoma?

A

Common malignant tumor of the large intestine

23
Q

What is chondrosarcoma?

A

Malignant tumor- most common in pelvis

24
Q

What is Ewing sarcoma?

A

Malignant tumor 5-20 years old “MOCE”

25
Q

What is leiomyosarcoma?

A

A malignant tumor of smooth muscle

26
Q

What is osteosarcoma?

A

Sunburst periosteum reaction, MC knee or pelvis – malignant

27
Q

What is rhabdomyosarcoma?

A

Malignant tumor of skeletal muscle and striated muscle

28
Q

What is chordoma?

A

Malignant tumor- remnant of notochord found from sacrum or occiput

29
Q

What is a glioblastoma?

A

Malignant tumor of astrocytes (aka astrocytoma)

30
Q

What is Krunkenbergs tumor?

A

A carcinoma of the ovary- metastasized from GI

31
Q

What is multiple myeloma?

A 
Reversed a/g ratio on electrophoresis 
Has M spike
Lytic
Diaphyseal
Bence jones proteinura
32
Q

What is another name for multiple myeloma?

A

Plasma cell cytoma

33
Q

What is renal adenocarcinoma?

A

Malignant tumor that may invade renal vein
Common
Associated with hematuria

34
Q

What is another name for renal adenocarcinoma?

A

Grawitz’s

35
Q

What is Seminoma?

A

Tumor of the testes

36
Q

What is the primary cause of squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Cigarette smoking

37
Q

What is another name for Wilms tumor?

A

Nephroblastoma

38
Q

What is Wilms tumor?

A

A tumor of the kidney in children

Deny’s- Drash- affects kidneys and genitals, begins early in life

39
Q

What are the main causes of hemodynamics disorders?

A

Elevated blood pressure and congestive heart failure

40
Q

What do hyperemia, thrombosis, embolism, and infarct all have in common?

A
  1. Pulmonary congestion

2. Liver congestion (portal)

41
Q

What are fatty changes or “nutmeg liver” associated with?

A

Cirrhosis

42
Q

What are causes of hypercoagulable state?

A 
Prolonged bed rest
Immobilization
MI, surgery
Fractures, burns
Cardiac failure
Cancer
Acute leukemia
43
Q

What does a hypercoagulable state lead to?

A

Leads to thrombus then possible emboli

44
Q

What is an air emboli?

A

Air bubbles- from surgery or trauma

45
Q

What is a cerebral emboli?

A

A subarachnoid type from hypertension

46
Q

When does a fat emboli occur?

A

After a fracture of long bones

47
Q

What does a miliary emboli affect?

A

Many small blood Vessel’s

48
Q

What is a paradoxical emboli?

A

A blockage of the systemic artery by thrombus from systemic vein passed through a defect in the interatrial or interventricular septum

NBS Part One- Pathology (6 decks)

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