Disorders of the Nervous System (Page 57) Flashcards
How is MS diagnosed?
By process of elimination
What is Charcot’s Traid in MS?
- Cerebellum has been destroyed- Action tremor SIN
Speech problems
Intention tremors
Nystagmus
What part of the brain is affected in Parkinson’s Disease
Basil Ganglia –> Resting Tremors
What part of the brain is affected in Multiple Sclerosis?
Cerebellum –> Intention Tremors
Who is most likely to get MS?
Female
what is another name for ALS?
Lou Gehrigs Disease
What type of disease is ALS?
Motor and LMNL of the upper extremities and UMNL of the lower extremities *Fatal and rapid
What deficiency is associated with Postero-Lateral Sclerosis (PSL)
Neurological effects of vitamin B12 deficiency
“Stocking and glove paresthesis” irreversible
what is another name for PLS?
Combined systems disease
What does PSL affect?
Stomach, which affects blood, which affects the nervous system
What is Syringomyelia?
A fluid filled cavity present at birth
What symptom’s are associated with syringomyelia?
Shawl or cape- like paraesthesia– loss of pain and temperature: Lateral spinothalamic tract
Are commissure lesions bilateral or lateral?
ALWAYS bilateral! “Cant fill up one side of the water balloon”
What is Alzheimer’s?
Neuro-tangles- presenile dementia
occurs in 50-60 year olds
What is another name for Parkinson’s?
Paralysis Agitans “Loui”
What symptoms are associated with Parkinson’s?
Lewy Body! Resting tremors postural instability muscular rigidity mask like face shuffling gait
Does cerebral palsy progress?
NO
Anoxia (absence of oxygen) at birth
What can poliomyelitis affect? CNS or PNS?
BOTH! Paralysis
What is Chorea movement?
Disorganized movement- Abrupt, jerky movements
Athetosis- Athetoid definition
Disorganized movement- worm like- rhythmical movements with writhing movements. Cerebral Palsy*
What is ALS?
Muscle weakness, both atrophy and spasticity, dysarthria (motor speech disorder) , dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), dyspnea (labored breathing)
What are neurofibromas?
Benign nerve sheath tumors
are neurofibromas genetically inherited?
Yes
What are the characteristics of neurofibromas?
physical disfiguration, pain, cognitive disability
What condition would you get at the final stage of Parkinson’s Disease
Progressive Bulbar Palsy
What is Progressive Bulbar Palsy?
Difficulty Swallowing, chewing, and talking
Has a poor prognosis*
What are the alternative names for Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Syndrome RSDS?
Sudek’s Atrophy
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)
What is RSDS?
Pain after injury, injured proximal –> pain is distal
Autonomic changes, loss of hiar, increased or no sweat
What is Horner’s Syndrome?
An interruption of the sympathetics:
Ptosis, Miosis, Anhydrosis (without sweat) – Unilateral
R-S-D-S a _______ mess!
Sympathetic
What is Graves disease?
An autoimmune condition-
Hyperthyroidism, exopthalmosis, weight loss, insomnia, anxiety, and tremors
What is the key sign with SLE? “Lupus”
Malar (Cheek) Rash - butterfly (Cheek and Forehead) rash on face (sometimes called red wolf rash)
** can have kidney problems associated
Who does SLE occur in?
Females
What is Sjogren’s associated with?
RA
what does Xero mean?
DRY
What are the symptoms of Sjogern’s?
DRY eyes, mouth, and arthritis
What is the other name for Scleroderma?
PSS- Progressive Systemic Sclerosis
What kind of condition is Scleroderma?
Chronic and Progressive– associated with thickening of skin
What is the crest sign? (Scleroderma)
Calcinosis Raynaud's Phenomenon Esophageal Dysfunction (hardening) Sclerodactyly Telangiectasia
What is another name for Trisomy 21?
Down’s Syndrome
Who normally delivers a down’s syndrome baby?
mothers over the age of 40
What is another name for Turner’s Syndrome?
Bonnevie- Ullrich
What age do downs children generally pass away from heart complications?
by age 40-50
What is the story for Turner’s Syndrome?
Bonnie (Bonnevie-Ullrich) is on the unparalleled bars, and she turns (Turners Syndrome) on the bars and lands with no breasts and no periods.
What is the key characteristic for Turner’s Syndrome?
An infantile Female– never matures with breasts and periods
What is Klinefelter’s Syndrome?
XXY male with very small testes and a possible mental deficiency (47)
What organ is involved with DiGeorge Anamaly?
The thymus
What kind of deficnency is in DiGeorge Anomaly?
T cell immunodeficiency – Thymic hypoplasia
What is apoptosis?
Cell death
What is Rhabdomyoma
Skeletal muscle benign
What is attacked in Goodpasture’s Disease?
Basement membrane is attacked
What is right sided heart failure?
Cor Pulmonale
What does Gouty arthritis have?
Uric acid crystals
What condition is associated with Pott’s Disease?
TB
What key sign is seen with Emphysema?
Barrel chest
Lipofuscin
“Wear and tear” Pigments, dark spots
