Endocrine Disorders Flashcards
What conditions results in an increase in growth hormone?
Gigantism (child) and acromegaly (adult)
What condition results in a decrease of growth hormone?
Dwarfism
What organs does growth hormone target?
Bone and cartilage
When does growth hormone target bone and cartilage during gigantism?
Before the growth plate closure
What condition is related to an increase in TSH?
Hyperthyroidism (graves)
What are the symptoms of hyperparathyroidism?
Eight loss, insomnia, tachycardia, goiter, nervousness, hypertension
What condition is a result of low TSH?
Hypothyroidism
What is low TSH called in children?
Adults?
Cretinism
Myxedema
What is the most common thyroid diagnosis?
Hashimotos
What does hashimotos initially cause, and then lead to?
Causes hyper and leads to hypo
What condition does an increase in adrenocorticotropic hormone lead to?
Hyperadrenalism (cushions)
Addison’s disease (bronze skin, hypotension) is related to a decrease in what hormone?
Adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH
What is the target organ of ACTH?
Adrenal cortex
Adrenocorticotropic hormone is related to what other hormones?
Mineralocortioids, glucocorticoids, androgens
What is the target organ for FSH?
Ovaries and testes
What hormones is FSH related to?
Estrogen progesterone and testosterone
What condition results from a decrease in Leutinizing hormone?
Rare fertile eunuch syndrome
What are the target organs of LH?
Ovaries and testes
What does LH effect in women?
Ovulation
What does LH affect in boys?
Boys with syndrome have pubertal testicles
What causes an increase in prolactin?
Pregnancy
What is related to a decrease in prolactin?
Failure to lactate – rare***
What is the target organ of prolactin?
Mammary glands
What does prolactin stimulate?
Makes milk
What does an increase of melanocyte stimulating hormone? (MSH)
Darker color of skin
*No MSH- albino
What does a decrease in MSH cause?
A lighter color of skin
What is the target organ of melanocyte stimulating hormone?
Melanocytes
What does melanocytes stimulating hormone make?
Melanin
What are posterior pituitary hormones? (Neurohypophysis)
Oxytocin, ADH and vasopressin
What does oxytocin stimulate?
Uterine contraction and milk “let down” response
What does ADH and Vasopressin do?
Inhibits urination (anti-diuretic)
What organ is affected by diabetes mellitus?
Pancreas
What hormone is related to diabetes mellitus?
Insulin deficiency disorder
What are the signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus?
Polydipsia (drinking) polyuria (peeing) and polyphasic (eating)
“PPP”
What organ is associated with diabetes insipidus?
Pituitary
What hormone is related to diabetes insipidus?
ADH deficiency disorder
What are the signs and symptoms of diabetes insipidus?
Polydipsia and polyuria only
