Endocrine Disorders

Question 1

What conditions results in an increase in growth hormone?

Answer 1

Gigantism (child) and acromegaly (adult)

Question 2

What condition results in a decrease of growth hormone?

Answer 2

Dwarfism

Question 3

What organs does growth hormone target?

Answer 3

Bone and cartilage

Question 4

When does growth hormone target bone and cartilage during gigantism?

Answer 4

Before the growth plate closure

Question 5

What condition is related to an increase in TSH?

Answer 5

Hyperthyroidism (graves)

Question 6

What are the symptoms of hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 6

Eight loss, insomnia, tachycardia, goiter, nervousness, hypertension

Question 7

What condition is a result of low TSH?

Answer 7

Hypothyroidism

Question 8

What is low TSH called in children?

Adults?

Answer 8

Cretinism

Myxedema

Question 9

What is the most common thyroid diagnosis?

Answer 9

Hashimotos

Question 10

What does hashimotos initially cause, and then lead to?

Answer 10

Causes hyper and leads to hypo

Question 11

What condition does an increase in adrenocorticotropic hormone lead to?

Answer 11

Hyperadrenalism (cushions)

Question 12

Addison’s disease (bronze skin, hypotension) is related to a decrease in what hormone?

Answer 12

Adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH

Question 13

What is the target organ of ACTH?

Answer 13

Adrenal cortex

Question 14

Adrenocorticotropic hormone is related to what other hormones?

Answer 14

Mineralocortioids, glucocorticoids, androgens

Question 15

What is the target organ for FSH?

Answer 15

Ovaries and testes

Question 16

What hormones is FSH related to?

Answer 16

Estrogen progesterone and testosterone

Question 17

What condition results from a decrease in Leutinizing hormone?

Answer 17

Rare fertile eunuch syndrome

Question 18

What are the target organs of LH?

Answer 18

Ovaries and testes

Question 19

What does LH effect in women?

Answer 19

Ovulation

Question 20

What does LH affect in boys?

Answer 20

Boys with syndrome have pubertal testicles

Question 21

What causes an increase in prolactin?

Answer 21

Pregnancy

Question 22

What is related to a decrease in prolactin?

Answer 22

Failure to lactate – rare***

Question 23

What is the target organ of prolactin?

Answer 23

Mammary glands

Question 24

What does prolactin stimulate?

Answer 24

Makes milk

Question 25

What does an increase of melanocyte stimulating hormone? (MSH)

Answer 25

Darker color of skin

*No MSH- albino

Question 26

What does a decrease in MSH cause?

Answer 26

A lighter color of skin

Question 27

What is the target organ of melanocyte stimulating hormone?

Answer 27

Melanocytes

Question 28

What does melanocytes stimulating hormone make?

Answer 28

Melanin

Question 29

What are posterior pituitary hormones? (Neurohypophysis)

Answer 29

Oxytocin, ADH and vasopressin

Question 30

What does oxytocin stimulate?

Answer 30

Uterine contraction and milk “let down” response

Question 31

What does ADH and Vasopressin do?

Answer 31

Inhibits urination (anti-diuretic)

Question 32

What organ is affected by diabetes mellitus?

Answer 32

Pancreas

Question 33

What hormone is related to diabetes mellitus?

Answer 33

Insulin deficiency disorder

Question 34

What are the signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus?

Answer 34

Polydipsia (drinking) polyuria (peeing) and polyphasic (eating)

“PPP”

Question 35

What organ is associated with diabetes insipidus?

Answer 35

Pituitary

Question 36

What hormone is related to diabetes insipidus?

Answer 36

ADH deficiency disorder

Question 37

What are the signs and symptoms of diabetes insipidus?

Answer 37

Polydipsia and polyuria only