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PB+T > Neoplasm Drugs > Flashcards

Neoplasm Drugs Flashcards

0
Q

Cell cycle specific neoplasm drugs

A 
Vinca alkaloids
Anti-metabolites
Taxanes
Phodophyllotoxins
Bleomycin
Aspariginases
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1
Q

Hyperacute graft rejection

A
  • Mechanism: Pre-formed antibodies and complimenting activation
  • target: RBC antigens
  • pathology: thrombosis and ischemia
  • time course:
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2
Q

Non-cell cycle specific neoplasm drugs

A 
Classic alkylating agents
Dactinomycin 
Anthracyclins
Nitroureases
Mitomycin
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3
Q

Basics: Antimetabolites- methotrexate

A
  • folate/folinate analog -> inhibits DHFR
  • dose dependent toxicities (see immunopharm for list)
  • can be given intrathecally for trt of carcinomatous meningitis
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4
Q

Antimetabolites: plant alkaloids

A

M-phase specific: e.g. Vincristine, Vineblastine, ninorebine

  • microtubule polymerization inhibitor: inhibits assembly
  • highly immunosuppressive
  • neurotoxic
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5
Q

Taxanes: taxman, records, pennies

A

Paclitaxel, docetaxel

  • MOA: interfere with mitotic spindle by preventing disassembly
  • solid tumors
  • neutropenias, tcytopenia, neuropathy
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6
Q

Rescue therapy

A

Levucorin: methotrexate
Mesna: traps acrolein byproduct of cyclophosphamide
Dexrazoxane: inhibits ROS in anthracyclins

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7
Q

Alkylators: (3)

A

Cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, mechlorethamine
(Have chlorine/phosphate group)
- resistance is a result of trapping, decreasing drug permeability, and DNA repair

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8
Q

Mechloramine

A

Alkylating agent

  • converts to reactive cytotoxic agent in the body
  • hodgkins and non-hodgkins lymphoma
  • vesicant
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9
Q

Platinum analogs

A

Cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaplatin

  • testicular carcinomas, bladder, ovary and lung
  • hematoxic, neurotoxic, nephrotoxic
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10
Q

Procarbazine

A

Forms H2O2

  • orally active
  • H/NH lymphomas
  • inhibits MAO, and has a disulfiram like rxn. Nephro and neurotoxic as well
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11
Q

Mercaptopurine and thioguanine

A

Both inhibit HGPRTases -> stop purine synthesis

  • high first pass metabolism
  • marrow suppression is dose limited, it is hepatotoxic.
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12
Q

5-FU

A

Inhibition of thymadylate synthetase

  • widely distributed including CSF
  • lots of chemotherapeutic uses
  • low toxicity: alopecia, GI distress and myelosupression
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13
Q

TRK inhibitors: Nibs

A 
imatinib, Disatinib, Nilotinib
- MOA: block BCR-ABL tyrosine Kinase activity
- CML
- Heart failure, myalgia, edema 
(In Philly they show off their nibs)
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14
Q

Gemcitabine

A
  • mOA: Gemcitabine di and triphosphate inhibit ribonucleotide reductase
  • non hodge/small cell lung cancer, bladder, pancreatic cancers
  • normal 3 with some pulmonary toxicity
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15
Q

Vinca alkaloids

A
  • MOA: anti-microtubule, Blocks mitotic spindle formation
  • blastine and cristine: lymphomas and neuroblastomas.
    ~ blastine: kaposis sarcoma
    ~ cristine: Wilms tumor
  • neurotoxic
16
Q

Etoposide and teniposide

A
  • MOA: inhibits topoisomerase II (active in late S phase early G2)
  • lymphoma, lung and germ cell cancers
  • normal toxicities
17
Q

Topotecan and Irinotecan

A
  • MOA: campothectins that inhibit topoisomerase I
  • topo: Second line for advanced ovarian cancer Small cell lung cancer
  • Irin: Metastatic colorectal cancer
  • myelosupression and GI distress
18
Q

Anthracyclins

A

Rubicins and mitxanatrone

  • MOA: inhibits topoisomerase II and creates ROS
  • lots. If you get time come back and learn them
  • Cardiotoxicity including arrythmias and AHF
19
Q

Bleomycin

A
  • MOA: causes production of Free rads which degrade DNA
  • hodgkins and testicular cancer
  • pulmonary toxicity, HSN and mucocutaneous rxns
20
Q

Tratzuzumab

A
  • MOA: MoAb growth factor receptor inhibitor (her-2/neu receptor)
  • used in breast cancer
  • cytokine syndrome effect, potential CHF
21
Q

Ritixumab

A
  • CD20 inhibitor Mab
  • used in cocktail with other anti cancer drugs
  • non-hodgkins lymphomas
  • HSN, myelosupression
22
Q

Mitomycin

A
  • CCNS DNA cross linker
  • hypoxia tumor cell trt
  • myelosupression, HLLK toxicity
23
Q

Asparaginases

A
  • MOA: depletes serum aspargine
  • leukemias and lymphomas
  • HSN, bleeding
24
Q

Red urine; normal Hct

A

Doxorubicin

25
Q

Red urine; low hematocrit

A

Hemorrhagic cystitis due to cyclophosphamide use

26
Q

Hypoxic tumor treatment

A

Mitomycin

- HLLK tox

27
Q

Stines

A

Nitroureases (except lumostine)

  • cell cycle Non-specific
  • crosses BBB: brain tumors
28
Q

Phodophylotoxins (2)

A

Etoposide, tenoposide

- topoisomerase II inhibitors

29
Q

Bine/ate

A

Antimetabolite

30
Q

ide/ine

A

Alkylating agents

PB+T (20 decks)

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