Cell Pathology

Question 0

Hyperplasia: physiologic (2 types) vs. pathological

Answer 0

Increase in number
Physiological: hormonal and compensatory
- hormonal: increased function due to need expressed by hormones; e.g. Breast lobular cells in pregnancy
- compensatory: restoration of tissue mass following injury

Pathological

• usually excess hormones cause
• typically reversible, good set up for neoplasia

Question 1

Cellular adaptations to nonlethal stimuli: 3

Answer 1

Increased demand/stimulation: hyperplasia/hypertrophy
Decreased demand/stimulation: hypoplasia/atrophy
Chronic irritation: metaplasia

Question 2

Hypertrophy: physiological vs. pathological

Answer 2

Physiological:
- e.g. Skeletal muscles, uterine smooth muscle (increased synthesis of actin myofils) enlargement of cytoplasmic volume

Pathological:
- e.g. Cardiac myocytes -> cardiomegaly -> HTN -> CHF